{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T19:51:35Z","timestamp":1779393095398,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["APMIS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>Neutrophils are among the first immune cells recruited during the critical early phase of infection; yet their reaction to Candida albicans<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> morphotypes is not fully defined. Here, we aimed to investigate early neutrophil responses to C. albicans<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> morphotypes compared to bacteria. Freshly isolated human neutrophils were incubated with heat\u2010killed C. albicans<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, live C. albicans<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, and Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> as bacterial comparisons for 30\u2009min, 1\u2009h, and 4\u2009h. Afterward, neutrophil activation was assessed via gene expression of neutrophil elastase (ELANE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), CD66b\/CD11b surface marker expression, microbicidal activity, and cytokine release, including IL\u201022, IL\u201017A, IL\u20101\u0251, IL\u20101\u03b2, TNF\u2010\u0251, and IL\u20106. Neutrophil response pathways were significantly more activated by hyphal C. albicans<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> than HK C. albicans<\/jats:styled-content>, E<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>.coli<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>,<\/jats:italic> and S. aureus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, including the highest MPO and ELANE expression within the first 4\u2009h, compared to heat\u2010killed C. albicans<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> and bacteria. CD66b expression significantly upregulated at 1\u2009h in response to hyphal C. albicans<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>. Neutrophils exhibited a 68% candidacidal effect at 1\u2009h. IL\u201022 peaked at 1\u2009h and remained elevated; heat\u2010killed C. albicans<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> induced IL\u201022 and IL\u201017A at 4\u2009h. Neutrophils show stronger early responses against C. albicans<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> morphotypes compared to E. coli<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content> and S. aureus<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>, particularly within 1\u2009h.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.70059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,13]],"date-time":"2025-08-13T06:32:51Z","timestamp":1755066771000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Early Human Neutrophil Response to Different Morphotypes of Candida albicans<\/i> Compared to Bacterial Pathogens"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"133","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6800-8143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gizem","family":"Babuccu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences, IsBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID) Ko\u00e7 University Istanbul Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr","family":"Albayrak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences, IsBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID) Ko\u00e7 University Istanbul Turkey"},{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ko\u00e7 University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) Ko\u00e7 University Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00fcsun","family":"Can","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences, IsBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID) Ko\u00e7 University Istanbul Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Ko\u00e7 University School of Medicine Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zlem","family":"Do\u011fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health Sciences, IsBank Research Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID) Ko\u00e7 University Istanbul Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Ko\u00e7 University School of Medicine Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.913028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jof7020119"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00294-023-01263-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2014.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mmy\/myu029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40588-018-0098-6"},{"issue":"37","key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","article-title":"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Enhance Macrophage Killing of Bacterial Pathogens. 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