{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T19:28:15Z","timestamp":1778959695150,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001502","name":"Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CG\u2010VISION PROJECT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CG\u2010VISION PROJECT"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001502","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["APMIS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Hospital\u2010 and community\u2010acquired\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    infections are dominated by their biofilms and cause difficult\u2010to\u2010treat persistent infections. As an alternative anti\u2010biofilm agent, the efficacy of triphenylphosphonium (TPP)\u2010conjugated curcumin (TPP\u2010curcumin) was determined against\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    biofilms in comparison to that of curcumin and commercial antibiotics. TPP\u2010curcumin elicited strong anti\u2010staphylococcal activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 3.125 and 6.25\u2009\u03bcM, respectively. The MIC and MBC values for curcumin and ampicillin were &gt;\u2009125 and &gt;\u2009286.2\u2009\u03bcM (100\u2009\u03bcg\/mL), respectively. The MIC and MBC values were 25.7\u2009\u03bcM (12.5\u2009\u03bcg\/mL) and 103\u2009\u03bcM (50\u2009\u03bcg\/mL), respectively, for kanamycin. TPP\u2010curcumin was multi\u2010fold more effective than curcumin in inhibiting biofilm growth. Minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) values of TPP\u2010curcumin, curcumin, ampicillin and kanamycin were 3.125, &gt;\u2009125, &gt;\u2009286 and 25\u2009\u03bcM, respectively. Besides inhibiting biofilm formation, TPP\u2010curcumin has effectively killed\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    cells in pre\u2010formed or established biofilms. Treatment of biofilms with 25\u2009\u03bcM TPP\u2010curcumin achieved near\u2010complete cell killing. Exposure to TPP\u2010curcumin led to severe membrane damage and oxidative stress in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    cells. The strong antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of TPP\u2010curcumin suggests its potential use for developing or augmenting antibacterial therapies for drug\u2010resistant\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    infections.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.70075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T19:28:42Z","timestamp":1760556522000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Biofilm Control Activity of Triphenylphosphonium\u2010Conjugated Curcumin Against\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"G. Kiran Kumar","family":"Reddy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water &amp; Steam Chemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre  Kalpakkam India"},{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abel Zachariah","family":"Babu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water &amp; Steam Chemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre  Kalpakkam India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vijay K.","family":"Kutala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Santosh Kumar","family":"Sandur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute  Mumbai India"},{"name":"Radiation Biology &amp; Health Sciences Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6443-7661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y. V.","family":"Nancharaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water &amp; Steam Chemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre  Kalpakkam India"},{"name":"Homi Bhabha National Institute  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2021.1878688"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.143197"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.13344"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.13231"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-75418-3_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crmicr.2022.100137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2024.106800"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2013.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/W10-117"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00990"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph13070153"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00487"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089351"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibiod.2024.105751"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","volume-title":"Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically; 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