{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T02:22:29Z","timestamp":1774491749293,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["APMIS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Meningiomas are heterogeneous tumors and studies suggest that meningiomas might be part of MEN1 syndrome. The tumors express somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) comparable to that seen in neuroendocrine neoplasms. We aimed to explore neuroendocrine differentiation in meningiomas by investigating the following neuroendocrine markers: neural cell adhesion molecule (CD56\/NCAM), chromogranin A, chromogranin B, chromogranin C, neuron\u2010specific enolase (NSE), secretagogin, and synaptophysin. Our findings were related to WHO grade, tumor subtype, and SSTR2 immunoreactivity. Tissue microarrays from 162 patients with intracranial meningioma underwent immunohistochemical analyses. Immunoreactivity was assessed with manual and digital analyses. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to detect secretory granules in one tumor specimen. NSE, CD56, and chromogranin B were detected in 91%, 44%, and 16% of meningiomas, respectively. The other neuroendocrine markers were mostly negative. NSE immunoreactivity was higher in WHO grade 2 tumors (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.027) and differed among subtypes with highest and lowest immunoreactivity in meningothelial and fibrous subtypes, respectively. Chromogranin B (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.006) and NSE (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.003) were positively correlated to SSTR2 immunoreactivity. No secretory granules were detected. Manual and digital evaluation showed excellent agreement. Our study does not support the hypothesis of neuroendocrine differentiation in meningiomas, as chromogranin A and synaptophysin were mostly absent.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.70177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T18:55:48Z","timestamp":1772996148000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Human Meningiomas Reveal No Evidence of Neuroendocrine Differentiation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"134","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9521-1032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofie Eline","family":"Tollefsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anders Hagen","family":"Jarmund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ole","family":"Solheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, St. Olavs Hospital Trondheim University Hospital  Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)  Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ida Kaalhus","family":"Nordahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)  Trondheim 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