{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T10:50:19Z","timestamp":1782471019933,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNF20SA0061466"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF20SA0061466"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["APMIS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by a progressive decline of renal function. A major challenge in CKD drug development is the low success rate of drug candidates, with fewer than 10% of drugs entering Phase I clinical trials demonstrating clinical benefit. Traditional in\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo models, while valuable, do not fully recapitulate human kidney complexity. To address this, we utilized human precision\u2010cut kidney slices (PCKS), an ex\u00a0vivo model that preserves human cellular diversity and organ architecture. Although this model lacks factors such as blood flow and osmotic gradients, it enables controlled induction of fibrosis through TGF\u2010\u03b2 treatment. To assess potential therapeutic interventions, we adapted\u00a0a\u00a0histopathological scoring system that was originally developed for human kidney biopsies. Our findings demonstrate that PCKS exhibit progressive fibrosis and tubular atrophy during culture up to 48\u2009h, with TGF\u2010\u03b2 treatment further exacerbating these effects at the 48\u2009h time\u2010point. In contrast to PCKS from healthy patients, 48\u2009h incubation of PCKS\u00a0from CKD patients did not induce additional fibrosis or tubular atrophy. Thus, our scoring system provides a robust method for assessing fibrosis and tubular atrophy in human PCKS and may serve as a promising tool in preclinical drug screening.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.70226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T08:49:01Z","timestamp":1780044541000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Histopathological Assessment of Precision\u2010Cut Kidney\u00a0Slices: A Live Human Tissue\u2010Based Model of Renal Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Riishede","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Merrild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seulgi","family":"Hyun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mia G.","family":"Madsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Urology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna K.","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Urology Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henricus A. M.","family":"Mutsaers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0580-373X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rikke","family":"N\u00f8rregaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Renal Medicine Aarhus University Hospital  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4368-8821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lene N.","family":"Nejsum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.14745"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30045-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.645187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/d41573-019-00074-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2015.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13291"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13780"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12050459"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2024.114309"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002366"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-3179-9_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.13329"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17204-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-019-0248-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.971065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-019-0176-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00027.2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-023-06303-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13945"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2016.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.12323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13131084"}],"container-title":["APMIS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/apm.70226","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/apm.70226","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/apm.70226","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T10:14:31Z","timestamp":1782468871000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/apm.70226"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/apm.70226"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apm.70226","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0903-4641","1600-0463"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0903-4641","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0463","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-09-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70226"}}