{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T12:27:59Z","timestamp":1793363279543,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004748","name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["930960"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["930960"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia-Pacific Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of treatment with autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMMSCs) compared with the routine treatment in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this ethically approved randomized controlled trial, 32 ASD children aged 5\u201015\u2009years were randomly assigned to receive either autologous BMMSC plus rehabilitation therapy and risperidone (intervention group) or rehabilitation therapy and risperidone (control group). Autologous BMMSCs were intrathecally injected in the intervention group twice in 4\u2009weeks. Patients were assessed using childhood autism rating scale (CARS), Gilliam autism rating scale\u2010second edition (GARS\u2010II), and clinical global impression (CGI) at the baseline, as well as 6 and 12\u2009months after intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 32 patients in two groups of intervention (n = 14) and control (n = 18) completed the study, of which 27 (84.4%) were male. Mean age was 9.50\u2009\u00b1\u20092.14\u2009years. The improvements in CARS total score, GARS\u2010II autism index, and CGI global improvement showed no significant differences between the groups over 12\u2009months. However, the main effect for time*group interaction was significant regarding the CGI\u2010severity of illness, showing a significantly more pronounced improvement in the intervention group (F = 6.719; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.002).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intrathecal injection of autologous BMMSCs seems to be safe and feasible, but has limited clinical efficacy in treatment of children with ASD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/appy.12445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T06:28:22Z","timestamp":1604557702000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Intrathecal autologous bone marrow stem cell therapy in children with autism: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Narges","family":"Sharifzadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Ghasemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Dr Sheikh Pediatric Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jalil","family":"Tavakol Afshari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Research Center Avicenna Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Moharari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences  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