{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T10:01:51Z","timestamp":1785578511424,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,16]],"date-time":"2012-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1353024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with chronic atrophic gastritis have long\u2010term gastric hypoacidity, and secondary hypergastrinaemia. Some also develop gastric <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECL<\/jats:styled-content> cells carcinoids (type 1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GC<\/jats:styled-content>). Most type 1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GC<\/jats:styled-content> remain indolent, but some metastasise. Patients undergo surveillance, and some are treated with somatostatin analogues, endoscopic resection or surgery. Netazepide (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">YF<\/jats:styled-content>476) is a highly selective, potent and orally active gastrin receptor antagonist, which has anti\u2010tumour activity in various rodent models of gastric neoplasia driven by hypergastrinaemia. Netazepide has been studied in healthy volunteers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the effect of netazepide on type 1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight patients with multiple type 1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GC<\/jats:styled-content> received oral netazepide once daily for 12\u00a0weeks, with follow\u2010up at 12\u00a0weeks in an open\u2010label, pilot trial. Upper endoscopy was performed at 0, 6, 12 and 24\u00a0weeks, and carcinoids were counted and measured. Fasting serum gastrin and chromogranin A (CgA) and safety and tolerability were assessed at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24\u00a0weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Netazepide was well tolerated. All patients had a reduction in the number and size of their largest carcinoid. CgA was reduced to normal levels at 3\u00a0weeks and remained so until 12\u00a0weeks, but had returned to pre\u2010treatment levels at 24\u00a0weeks. Gastrin remained unchanged throughout treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The gastrin receptor antagonist netazepide is a promising new medical treatment for type 1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">gastric carcinoids<\/jats:styled-content>, which appear to be gastrin\u2010dependent. Controlled studies and long\u2010term treatment are justified to find out whether netazepide treatment can eradicate type 1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">gastric carcinoids<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,17]],"date-time":"2012-10-17T03:34:24Z","timestamp":1350444864000},"page":"1067-1075","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Treatment of gastric carcinoids type 1 with the gastrin receptor antagonist netazepide (YF476) results in regression of tumours and normalisation of serum chromogranin A"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"R.","family":"Fossmark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology St. Olavs Hospital Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d8.","family":"S\u00f8rdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. 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S.","family":"Nordrum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine Children's and Women's Health Faculty of Medicine NTNU Medisinsk teknisk forskningssenter Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Medical Genetics St. Olav's Hospital Erling Skjalgssonsgate 1 Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Boyce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hammersmith Medicines Research London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. 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