{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:22:08Z","timestamp":1791926528110,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,2]],"date-time":"2013-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1364860800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To eradicate <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>elicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> before the occurrence of precancerous changes is important to prevent gastric carcinogenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To validate whether the corpus\u2010predominant gastritis index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGI<\/jats:styled-content>) can serve as an early marker to identify the <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>. pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected patients at risk of gastric carcinogenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study enrolled 188 subjects, including 43 noncardiac gastric cancer patients, 63 of their first\u2010degree relatives and 82 sex\u2010 and age\u2010matched duodenal ulcer patients as controls. All received endoscopy to provide topographic gastric specimens to test for <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and its related histological features, translated into the operative link on gastritis assessment (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLGA<\/jats:styled-content>), operative link on gastric intestinal metaplasia assessment (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLGIM<\/jats:styled-content>) stages, and the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGI<\/jats:styled-content>. Spasmolytic polypeptide\u2010expressing metaplasia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPEM<\/jats:styled-content>) was assessed by immunohistochemistry staining of trefoil factor 2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gastric cancer patients had higher prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGI<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLGIM<\/jats:styled-content> stage II\u2013IV, but not <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLGA<\/jats:styled-content> stage II\u2013IV, than the controls (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.001, OR\u00a0=\u00a03.4[95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.4\u20138.1] for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGI<\/jats:styled-content>; OR\u00a0=\u00a05.0[95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.0\u201312.8] for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLGIM<\/jats:styled-content>). In patients with the combined presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGI<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLGIM<\/jats:styled-content> stage II\u2013IV, the risk of gastric cancer increased to 9.8 (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u00a00.001). The first\u2010degree relatives of the gastric cancer patients had a higher rate of the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGI<\/jats:styled-content>, but not <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLGA<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OLGIM<\/jats:styled-content> stage II\u2013IV than the duodenal ulcer controls (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.001). Of the first\u2010degree relatives, the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CGI<\/jats:styled-content> increased the risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPEM<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.003, OR\u00a0=\u00a05.5[95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.8\u201317.0]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The corpus\u2010predominant gastritis index, which is highly correlated to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPEM<\/jats:styled-content>, may serve as an early marker to identify the <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>. pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected patients at a higher risk of gastric cancer.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,2]],"date-time":"2013-04-02T05:26:54Z","timestamp":1364880414000},"page":"969-978","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["The corpus\u2010predominant gastritis index may serve as an early marker of <i><scp>Helicobacter<\/scp> pylori\u2010<\/i>infected patients at risk of gastric cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Y.\u2010C.","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pathology National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.\u2010H.","family":"Hsiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.\u2010B.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Tainan Hospital Department of Health Executive Yuan Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Ton Yen General Hospital Hsin\u2010Chu Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.\u2010C.","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.\u2010L.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.\u2010C.","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.\u2010S.","family":"Sheu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Cheng Kung University Hospital College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"218","article-title":"Schistosomes, liver flukes and Helicobacter pylori: IRAC working group on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. 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