{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:38Z","timestamp":1791849638052,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,3]],"date-time":"2013-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1370217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although highly prevalent, little is known about the economic impact of functional dyspepsia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To quantify <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content> patients' health care utilisation patterns and to estimate direct and indirect costs of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content> to patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICD<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 codes identified adult patients with dyspepsia. A validated questionnaire was mailed to patients who met Rome <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">III<\/jats:styled-content> criteria for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three hundred and fifty\u2010five patients met all inclusion criteria. The response rate was 63%. The respondents' mean age was 50 (14)\u00a0years; 75% were women; 52% of respondents rated their <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content> as moderate. Patients reported 3 visits (mean) to their <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCP<\/jats:styled-content> over 12\u00a0months; 75% reported having blood work, 92% an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EGD<\/jats:styled-content>, 59% an ultrasound and 40% a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> scan. The direct cost of testing using Medicare reimbursement rates per patient was $582. To treat <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms, 89% tried dietary changes, 89% over\u2010the\u2010counter medications, 87% prescription medications and 25% alternative therapies. Mean patient expenditure over the last year was $246 for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OTC<\/jats:styled-content> medications (range $0\u201312,000), $290 for co\u2010payments (range $0\u20139,000) and $110 for alternative treatments (range $0\u20133,741). Total mean direct cost yearly to patients was $699. In the 7\u00a0days prior to completing the questionnaire, respondents reported a mean of 1.4\u00a0h absence from work. Extrapolating the results to the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> population, we conservatively calculate the costs of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content> were $18.4 billion in 2009.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional dyspepsia patients incur significant direct and indirect costs and work productivity is impaired by dyspeptic symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,3]],"date-time":"2013-06-03T09:33:40Z","timestamp":1370252020000},"page":"170-177","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":271,"title":["Functional dyspepsia: the economic impact to patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"B. 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