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It can be a consequence of ileal disease\/dysfunction, associated with other GI pathology or can be idiopathic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To summarise the different types of bile acid diarrhoea and discuss the currently available diagnostic methods and treatments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bile acid diarrhoea is found in up to 40% of patients diagnosed as having functional diarrhoea\/IBS\u2010D, and in up to 80% of patients who have undergone ileal resection. It is likely under\u2010diagnosed and under\u2010treated. In idiopathic disease, errors in regulation feedback of fibroblast growth factor 19 contribute to the development of the condition. Clinical therapeutic trials for bile acid diarrhoea have been used to diagnose it, but the<jats:sup>75<\/jats:sup>SeHCAT test is the primary current method. It is sensitive, specific and widely available, though not in the USA. Other diagnostic methods (such as serum measurement of the bile acid intermediate 7\u03b1\u2010hydroxy\u20104\u2010cholesten\u20103\u2010one, or C4) have less widespread availability and documentation, and some (such as faecal measurement of bile acids) are significantly more complex and costly. First\u2010line treatment of bile acid diarrhoea is with the bile acid sequestrant cholestyramine, which can be difficult to administer and dose due to gastrointestinal side effects. These side effects are less prominent in newer agents such as colesevelam, which may provide higher efficacy, tolerability and compliance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bile acid diarrhoea is common, and likely under\u2010diagnosed. Bile acid diarrhoea should be considered relatively early in the differential diagnosis of chronic diarrhoea.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,26]],"date-time":"2016-02-26T03:36:56Z","timestamp":1456457816000},"page":"884-898","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Review article: bile acid diarrhoea \u2013 pathogenesis, diagnosis and management"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Mottacki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine &amp; Clinical Nutrition Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Simr\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine &amp; Clinical Nutrition Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"University of Gothenburg Centre for Person\u2010Centered Care (GPCC) Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Bajor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine &amp; Clinical Nutrition Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine S\u00f6dra \u00c4lvsborgs Sjukhus Bor\u00e5s Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.me.18.020167.002001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(67)80140-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2004.04139.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(72)80109-4","article-title":"Role of bile acid malabsorption in pathogenesis of diarrhea and steatorrhea in patients with ileal resection","volume":"62","author":"Hofmann A","year":"1972","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196908212810801"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(76)80094-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800811122"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.17.12.965"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-5089(21)00739-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.suppl_5.v1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Bile acid malabsorption: an under\u2010investigated differential diagnosis in patients presenting with diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome type symptoms","author":"Kurien M","year":"2011","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307579"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)90288-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.5630"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.58.4.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5418.1362"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2005.09.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1083503"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","first-page":"G940","article-title":"Potent stimulation of fibroblast growth factor 19 expression in the human ileum by bile acids. 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