{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T05:48:55Z","timestamp":1789451335177,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]],"date-time":"2017-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diets low in fermentable sugars (low\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FODMAP<\/jats:styled-content> diets) are increasingly adopted by patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>), but outcome predictors are unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify factors predictive of an efficacious response to a low\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FODMAP<\/jats:styled-content> diet in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content> patients with fructose or lactose intolerance thereby gaining insights into underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fructose and lactose breath tests were performed in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content> patients to determine intolerance (positive symptom score) and malabsorption (increased hydrogen or methane concentrations). Patients with fructose or lactose intolerance consumed a low\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FODMAP<\/jats:styled-content> diet and global adequate symptom relief was assessed after 6\u20138 weeks and correlated with pre\u2010diet clinical symptoms and breath test results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 81% of 584 patients completing the low\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FODMAP<\/jats:styled-content> diet achieved adequate relief, without significant differences between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content> subgroups or types of intolerance. Univariate analysis yielded predictive factors in fructose intolerance (chronic diarrhoea and pruritus, peak methane concentrations and fullness during breath tests) and lactose intolerance (peak hydrogen and methane concentrations and flatulence during breath tests). Using multivariate analysis, symptom relief was independently and positively predicted in fructose intolerance by chronic diarrhoea [odds ratio (95% confidence intervals): 2.62 (1.31\u20135.27), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.007] and peak breath methane concentrations [1.53 (1.02\u20132.29), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.042], and negatively predicted by chronic nausea [0.33 (0.16\u20130.67), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002]. No independent predictive factors emerged for lactose intolerance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adequate global symptom relief was achieved with a low\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FODMAP<\/jats:styled-content> diet in a large majority of functional gastrointestinal disorders patients with fructose or lactose intolerance. Independent predictors of a satisfactory dietary outcome were only seen in fructose intolerant patients, and were indicative of changes in intestinal host or microbiome metabolism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,24]],"date-time":"2017-02-24T06:12:41Z","timestamp":1487916761000},"page":"1094-1106","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Predictors of response to a low\u2010FODMAP diet in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders and lactose or fructose intolerance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2556-8933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. H.","family":"Wilder\u2010Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain\u2010Gut Research Group Gastroenterology Group Practice Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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