{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T15:07:40Z","timestamp":1791644860993,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,30]],"date-time":"2017-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1490832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004332","name":"Seoul National University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["04\u20102009\u20100620"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04\u20102009\u20100620"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004332","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content>) is known to be associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS<\/jats:styled-content>). However, most studies investigated the prevalence of NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> in obese PCOS<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Aim<\/jats:title>To compare the prevalence of non\u2010obese NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> in women with or without PCOS<\/jats:styled-content>, and to assess an independent association between PCOS<\/jats:styled-content> and NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> in a non\u2010obese Asian cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>This was a case\u2013control study using a prospective PCOS<\/jats:styled-content> cohort. After subjects with other potential causes of chronic liver disease were excluded, 275 non\u2010obese women with PCOS<\/jats:styled-content> and 892 non\u2010obese controls were enrolled. NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> was determined by hepatic ultrasonography. Main outcomes were the prevalence of NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> on hepatic ultrasonography between non\u2010obese women with or without PCOS<\/jats:styled-content>, and an independent association between non\u2010obese NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> and PCOS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Non\u2010obese women with PCOS<\/jats:styled-content> had a significantly higher prevalence of NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> than those without PCOS<\/jats:styled-content> (5.5% vs. 2.8%, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.027). PCOS<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with non\u2010obese NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> (odds ratio: 2.62, 95% confidence intervals: 1.25\u20135.48) after adjustment for age and body mass index (BMI<\/jats:styled-content>). In women with PCOS<\/jats:styled-content>, the level of androgenicity represented by free testosterone or free androgen index was associated with NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> after adjustment for age, BMI<\/jats:styled-content>, lipid profile, insulin resistance or glycaemic status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Non\u2010obese NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> is more prevalent in women with polycystic ovary syndrome than in those without. In non\u2010obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperandrogenemia may be an independent risk factor for non\u2010obese NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,30]],"date-time":"2017-03-30T07:07:41Z","timestamp":1490857661000},"page":"1403-1412","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Polycystic ovary syndrome with hyperandrogenism as a risk factor for non\u2010obese non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"J. J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Healthcare System Gangnam Center Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Korea"},{"name":"The Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population Medical Research Center Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1919-6800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Healthcare System Gangnam Center Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Y.","family":"Yim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Healthcare System Gangnam Center Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. H.","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Healthcare System Gangnam Center Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. H.","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Healthcare System Gangnam Center Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. M.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Healthcare System Gangnam Center Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. R.","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul Municipal Boramae Hospital Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Y.","family":"Ku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population Medical Research Center Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. S.","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population Medical Research Center Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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