{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:20:08Z","timestamp":1792790408130,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]],"date-time":"2017-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004332","name":"Seoul National University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3020160190 [2016\u20101388]"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3020160190 [2016\u20101388]"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004332","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Rifaximin might decrease the risk of portal hypertension\u2010related complications by controlling small intestinal bacterial overgrowth.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate whether rifaximin was associated with the risk of death and cirrhotic complications.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We conducted a retrospective study that included 1042 patients experiencing hepatic encephalopathy (\n HE<\/jats:styled-content>\n ): 421 patients without hepatocellular carcinoma (\n HCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ; the non\u2010\n HCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n cohort) and 621 patients with\n HCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n (the\n HCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n cohort). The primary endpoint was overall survival and secondary endpoints were recurrence of\n HE<\/jats:styled-content>\n and the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (\n SBP<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), hepatorenal syndrome (\n HRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and variceal bleeding.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In the non\u2010\n HCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n cohort, 145 patients received rifaximin plus lactulose (the rifaximin group) and 276 patients received lactulose alone (the control group). The multivariate analysis revealed that rifaximin was significantly associated with lower risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio [\n aHR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ], 0.697;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .024) and reduced the risk of recurrent\n HE<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n aHR<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 0.452;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001),\n SBP<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n aHR<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 0.210;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001) and variceal bleeding (\n aHR<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 0.425;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .011) but not\n HRS<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n aHR<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 0.598;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .08). In the\n HCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n cohort, 173 patients received rifaximin plus lactulose and 448 patients received lactulose. Rifaximin was not associated with the risk of death (\n aHR<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 1.177;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .121). Rifaximin was associated with lower risk of\n SBP<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n aHR<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 0.323;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < .001) but not with variceal bleeding (\n aHR<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 0.660;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .104) or recurrent\n HE<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n aHR<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 0.689;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .057). The risk of\n Clostridium difficile<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010associated diarrhoea was not different between the groups (\n aHR<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 0.028;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .338).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n In patients without\n HCC<\/jats:styled-content>\n , rifaximin treatment was significantly associated with prolonged overall survival and reduced risks of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, variceal bleeding and recurrent hepatic encephalopathy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]],"date-time":"2017-08-24T08:49:23Z","timestamp":1503564563000},"page":"845-855","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Rifaximin treatment is associated with reduced risk of cirrhotic complications and prolonged overall survival in patients experiencing hepatic encephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"S. H.","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine Wonju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. B.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine CHA Bundang Medical Center CHA University Seongnam Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0315-2080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.\u2010H.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Y.","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.\u2010J.","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. Y.","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. J.","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. J.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Y.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine Wonju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9141-7773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Y. J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. K.","family":"Baik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine Wonju Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.\u2010H.","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21533"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"68","volume-title":"Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors","author":"Mathers CD","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Death in the United States","volume":"2009","author":"Minino AM","year":"2007","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.191"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/918017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22358"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2012.05074.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24423"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i45.16795"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90147-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20632"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)90219-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.3.2.201"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/joc.2008.20.2.186"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0907893"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12993"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24121"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"1036","article-title":"Evaluation of an outpatient pharmacy clinical services program on adherence and clinical outcomes among patients with diabetes and\/or coronary artery disease","volume":"20","author":"Spence MM","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Manag Care Spec Pharm"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3532"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31806518ac"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28156"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","first-page":"427","article-title":"Updates of EASL clinical practice guidelines: management of chronic hepatitis B virus infection","volume":"20","author":"Zhuang H","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12070"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2013.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61347-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05791.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00152.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2012.02.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.03958.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)91168-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)91740-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:DDAS.0000037808.44897.8a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3283341b7d"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19841101)54:9<1875::AID-CNCR2820540918>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2004.02.010"}],"container-title":["Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fapt.14275","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/apt.14275","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T16:05:37Z","timestamp":1695485137000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/apt.14275"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/apt.14275"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apt.14275","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.729268262.793573486","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0269-2813","1365-2036"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-2813","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2036","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,24]]}}}