{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T04:43:35Z","timestamp":1778042615780,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,27]],"date-time":"2018-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The normal content of eosinophils in the adult duodenum remains undefined. Therefore, there is no foundation for evidence\u2010based criteria to diagnose eosinophilic duodenitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed at: (1) establishing the range of the eosinophil density in the mucosa of the duodenum of normal adults, and (2) determining the biopsy\u2010based prevalence of isolated eosinophilic duodenitis in a large population of adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We counted intact eosinophils in three separate high\u2010power fields (hpf area\u00a0=\u00a00.237\u00a0mm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> each) with the highest densities of eosinophils from the duodenal biopsy specimens of 370 consecutive adults (60% women) with no history of small intestinal disease and a normal duodenal histology. From a large database we also extracted patients with a diagnosis of elevated duodenal eosinophilia and reviewed their biopsies and clinical history.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean eosinophil count for the 370 patients was 8.2\u00a0eos\/hpf with a standard deviation of\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.3. Twenty\u2010seven of the 370 had eosinophil counts outside the 95% range, which was calculated as: mean + 1.96 \u00d7 SD\u00a0=\u00a020.4\u00a0eos\/hpf. In a database of 458\u00a0668 adult subjects, 31 patients (6.8\/100\u00a0000) had elevated duodenal eosinophilia; 21 of these had other gastrointestinal organs involved by eosinophilia, suggesting eosinophilic gastroenteritis. No significant association between duodenal eosinophilia and any specific symptom was observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study suggests that in this diverse <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> population, a cut\u2010off count of 20\u00a0eos\/hpf would be useful to separate patients with normal from those with elevated duodenal eosinophilic infiltrations. The clinical implications of duodenal eosinophilia, particularly when it is not an expression of eosinophilic gastroenteritis, remain to be established.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]],"date-time":"2018-02-28T04:14:43Z","timestamp":1519791283000},"page":"1143-1150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Quantification of the duodenal eosinophil content in adults: a necessary step for an evidence\u2010based diagnosis of duodenal eosinophilia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3678-7023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. M.","family":"Genta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Miraca Life Sciences Irving TX USA"},{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5986-7042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Sonnenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Oregon Health &amp; Science University Portland OR USA"},{"name":"Gastroenterology Section Portland VA Medical Center Portland OR USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Miraca Life Sciences Irving TX USA"},{"name":"Southwestern School of Medicine University of Texas Dallas TX USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2007.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04282.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"326","article-title":"Determination of relative frequency of eosinophils and mast cells in gastric and duodenal mucosal biopsies in adults with non\u2010ulcer dyspepsia","volume":"23","author":"Binesh F","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"363","article-title":"Geographic variations in eosinophil concentration in normal colonic mucosa","volume":"10","author":"Pascal RR","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","unstructured":"GPO US Government Publishing Office.45 CFR 46.116 \u2010 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INFORMED CONSENT. 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