{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T19:52:37Z","timestamp":1778010757097,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]],"date-time":"2018-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sequential measurements of hepatic venous pressure gradient (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) are used to assess the haemodynamic response to nonselective betablockers (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NSBB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s) in patients with portal hypertension.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To assess the rates of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      response to different doses of carvedilol.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Consecutive patients with cirrhosis undergoing\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010guided carvedilol therapy for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding between 08\/2010 and 05\/2015 were retrospectively included. After baseline\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      measurement, carvedilol 6.25\u00a0mg\/d was administered and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      response (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010decrease \u226520% or to \u226412\u00a0mm Hg) was assessed after 3\u20104\u00a0weeks. In case of nonresponse, carvedilol dose was increased to 12.5\u00a0mg\/d and a third\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010measurement was performed after 3\u20104\u00a0weeks. We also assessed\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010response rates according to the Baveno\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      consensus (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      decrease \u226510% or to \u226412\u00a0mm Hg) and changes in systolic arterial pressure (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Seventy\u2010two patients (Child A, 37%; B, 35%; C, 28%) were included. 28 (39%) patients achieved a\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010decrease\u00a0\u2265\u00a020% with carvedilol 6.25\u00a0mg\/d and another 10 (14%) with carvedilol 12.5\u00a0mg\/d. Forty (56%) patients had a\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      decrease \u226510% with carvedilol 6.25\u00a0mg\/d and 24 (33%) with carvedilol 12.5\u00a0mg\/d. Thus, in total, a\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010response of \u226520% and \u226510% and was achieved in 38 (53%) and 55 (76%) and of patients respectively. Notably, 6 patients (n\u00a0=\u00a04 with ascites) did not tolerate an increase to 12.5\u00a0mg\/d due to hypotension\/bradycardia. However, none of the other patients had a\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SAP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a090\u00a0mm Hg at the final\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      measurement.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Carvedilol 12.5\u00a0mg\/d was more effective than 6.25\u00a0mg\/d in decreasing\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in primary prophylaxis. A total of 76% of patients achieved a\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HVPG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010response of\u00a0\u2265\u00a010% to carvedilol 12.5\u00a0mg\/d, however, arterial hypotension might occur, especially in patients with ascites.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]],"date-time":"2018-02-28T21:38:50Z","timestamp":1519853930000},"page":"1162-1169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Carvedilol for reducing portal pressure in primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding: a dose\u2010response study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9493-096X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Schwarzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine III Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Vienna Hepatic Haemodynamic Lab Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Kivaranovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Operations Research University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1813-5769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Paternostro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine III Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Vienna Hepatic Haemodynamic Lab Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2330-0017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Mandorfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine III Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Vienna Hepatic Haemodynamic Lab Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4590-3583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Reiberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine III Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Vienna Hepatic Haemodynamic Lab Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Trauner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine III Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Peck\u2010Radosavljevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine III Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Vienna Hepatic Haemodynamic Lab Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5281-0780","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Ferlitsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine III Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria"},{"name":"Vienna Hepatic Haemodynamic Lab Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60121-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.05.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-013-0337-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21907"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044456"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-951603"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50133"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-304038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01191.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318157c63d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2012-304182"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510300124"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840360612"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23689"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12634"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23775"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.01.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2016.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13119"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12783"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/he.2000.6779"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840360611"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-017-1262-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2016.327"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(96)80296-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21945"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28352"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1504367"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2014.20.3.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840060119"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(21)00175-8","article-title":"Pathophysiology of portal hypertension","volume":"21","author":"Bosch J","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-312129"}],"container-title":["Alimentary Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fapt.14576","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/apt.14576","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T11:21:12Z","timestamp":1693999272000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/apt.14576"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/apt.14576"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apt.14576","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.732783487.793546177","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0269-2813","1365-2036"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-2813","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2036","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]]}}}