{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T18:11:39Z","timestamp":1789582299693,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]],"date-time":"2018-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Although autoimmune gastritis (\n AIG<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is generally considered relatively rare, we frequently encounter\n AIG<\/jats:styled-content>\n among patients at to our hospital who have experienced at least two episodes of\n Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n eradication failure.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims<\/jats:title>\n \n We investigated the incidence of\n AIG<\/jats:styled-content>\n in consecutive patients who consulted our department for\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n eradication with reference to eradication history.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 404 consecutive patients who visited the\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010specific out\u2010patient unit of our hospital from June 2015 to June 2017 were enrolled. Of these, 137 were treatment\u2010naive, 47 had failed treatment once (single failure), and 220 had failed treatment twice or more (multiple failures) by\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C\u2010\n UBT<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Gastroscopy was performed in all patients. Culture tests of gastric mucosal samples were performed for\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n and other bacteria positive for urease activity. Anti\u2010parietal cell antibody (\n APCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) was measured. Patients with severe atrophy in the gastric corpus and positivity for\n APCA<\/jats:styled-content>\n were diagnosed as having\n AIG<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 43 patients were diagnosed as having\n AIG<\/jats:styled-content>\n , of whom two were treatment\u2010naive (1.5%, 2\/137), 1 failed eradication once (2.1% 1\/47), and 40 failed treatment at least twice (18.2%, 40\/220). The incidence of\n AIG<\/jats:styled-content>\n was significantly higher in the multiple failure group than in the single failure or treatment\u2010naive groups. Urease\u2010positive bacteria, such as\n Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n and alpha\u2010streptococcus, were identified in 33 of the 35\n AIG<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients who underwent culture testing.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n AIG<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients were often misdiagnosed as refractory to eradication therapy, probably because achlorhydria in\n AIG<\/jats:styled-content>\n might allow urease\u2010positive bacteria other than\n H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n to colonise the stomach, causing positive\n 13<\/jats:sup>\n C\u2010\n UBT<\/jats:styled-content>\n results.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14849","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]],"date-time":"2018-06-19T12:39:20Z","timestamp":1529411960000},"page":"370-377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["High incidence of autoimmune gastritis in patients misdiagnosed with two or more failures of\n H. pylori<\/i>\n eradication"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2202-595X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Furuta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Research Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Baba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Pathology Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Yamade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Uotani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Kagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Tani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endoscopic and Photodynamic Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Shizuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Hamaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Medicine Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Shizuoka 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