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MetS was defined according to the Joint Scientific Statement. Cut\u2010offs of body\u2010mass index measures of 24 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> and 27 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> were used to stratify lean, overweight and obese subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We enrolled 180 359 participants; the prevalence of MetS was 30.1%, which was significantly associated with advanced age and female sex. There were 18 726 (10.4%) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content>, 13 428 (7.4%) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content>, 1337 (0.7%) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> plus <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> (B+C) and 146 868 (81.5%) non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> participants (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NBNC<\/jats:styled-content>). Prevalence rates of MetS in subjects with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> HCV<\/jats:styled-content>, B+C and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NBNC<\/jats:styled-content> were 25.2%, 31.5%, 28.9% and 30.7% respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). There were 18.8% lean body, 35.4% overweight and 45.8% obese participants among 54 361 MetS subjects. Lean MetS subjects were older, had more diabetes, and had higher metabolic component levels, but lower alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase\u2010platelet ratio index levels compared with obese MetS subjects. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> infection was positively associated with MetS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). However, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection was inversely associated with MetS only among lean subjects (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002), but not among the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This large population\u2010based study indicated that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> infection was positively associated with MetS. However, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection was inversely associated with MetS only among lean subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,12]],"date-time":"2018-09-12T05:41:48Z","timestamp":1536730908000},"page":"993-1002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Association between chronic viral hepatitis and metabolic syndrome in southern Taiwan: a large population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Yuan\u2010Hung","family":"Kuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hepatogastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 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