{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T08:07:52Z","timestamp":1782374872089,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,11]],"date-time":"2018-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EN 1100\/2\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EN 1100\/2\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006483","name":"AbbVie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004337","name":"Roche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004337","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Loss of skeletal muscle mass is a recognised complication with a prognostic impact in patients with cirrhosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore in a retrospective analysis which muscle compartment most reliably predicts the occurrence of cirrhosis\u2010associated complications and if there are gender\u2010related differences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>795 patients with cirrhosis listed for liver transplantation between 2001 and 2014 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria including an abdominal CT scan (\u00b1200). Controls were 109 patients who underwent a CT scan after polytrauma. The paraspinal muscles index (PSMI), the abdominal wall muscles index (AWMI) and its combination skeletal muscle index (SMI) were assessed at L3\/L4, normalised to the height (cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>62.0% of patients with cirrhosis had alcoholic liver disease, and 70.6% were male. As compared to controls, a reduction in PSMI and SMI but not AWMI was associated with high model of end\u2010stage liver disease (MELD) score, high Child\u2010Pugh class, and the presence or history of cirrhosis\u2010associated complications in males but not females. PSMI independently predicted the occurrence of bacterial infections (HR 0.932), spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (HR 0.901), hepatic encephalopathy (HR 0.961), and hepatorenal syndrome (HR 0.946) by multivariate Cox regression analysis in a gender\u2010independent manner. Post\u2010transplant survival was not associated with the PSMI; neither AWMI nor SMI predicted any clinical endpoints.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study links muscle wasting in patients with cirrhosis predominantly to males. However, the presence of a low PSMI mass is a gender\u2010independent predictor of developing cirrhosis\u2010associated complications and death. Scores combining the MELD with muscle parameters should be re\u2010validated by utilizing the PSMI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,12]],"date-time":"2018-11-12T01:44:35Z","timestamp":1541987075000},"page":"1271-1281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Loss of paraspinal muscle mass is a gender\u2010specific consequence of cirrhosis that predicts complications and death"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2237-0881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cornelius","family":"Engelmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section Hepatology, Department of Gastroenterology and Rheumatology University Hospital Leipzig Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Liver and Digestive Health University College London London 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