{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T22:34:12Z","timestamp":1781822052203,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]],"date-time":"2019-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005564","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005564","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The role of hepatitis C (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content>) eradication on the long\u2010term complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus remains incompletely studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate whether antiviral treatment impacted risk of acute coronary syndrome, end\u2010stage renal disease, ischaemic stroke, and retinopathy among diabetic patients from the four <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> health systems comprising the Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CH<\/jats:styled-content>e<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CS<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CH<\/jats:styled-content>e<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CS HCV<\/jats:styled-content> patients with diagnosis codes for type 2 diabetes who were on antidiabetic medications. Patients were followed until an outcome of interest, death, or last health system encounter. The effect of treatment on outcomes was estimated using the competing risk analysis (Fine\u2010Gray subdistribution hazard ratio [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sHR<\/jats:styled-content>]), with death as a competing event.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 1395 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected patients with type 2 diabetes, 723 (52%) were treated with either interferon\u2010based or direct\u2010acting antivirals (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DAA<\/jats:styled-content>s); 539 (75% of treated) achieved sustained virological response (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SVR<\/jats:styled-content>). After propensity score adjustment to address treatment selection bias, patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SVR<\/jats:styled-content> demonstrated significantly decreased risk of acute coronary syndrome (sHR\u00a0=\u00a00.36; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), end\u2010stage renal disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sHR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.46; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), stroke (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sHR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.34; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), and retinopathy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sHR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a00.24; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) compared to untreated patients. Results were consistent in subgroup analyses of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DAA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010treated patients and interferon\u2010treated patients, an analysis of cirrhotic patients, as well as in sensitivity analyses considering cause\u2010specific hazards, exclusion of patients with on\u2010treatment retinopathy, and treatment status as a time\u2010varying covariate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Successful <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> treatment among patients with type 2 diabetes significantly reduces incidence of acute coronary syndrome, end\u2010stage renal disease, ischaemic stroke, and retinopathy, regardless of cirrhosis. Our findings support the importance of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCV<\/jats:styled-content> antiviral therapy among patients with type 2 diabetes to reduce the risk of these extrahepatic outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]],"date-time":"2019-01-17T00:53:57Z","timestamp":1547686437000},"page":"599-608","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Sustained virological response to hepatitis C treatment decreases the incidence of complications associated with type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5931-3058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health System  Detroit Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart C.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Henry Ford Health System, and Wayne State University School of Medicine Detroit Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loralee B.","family":"Rupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research Henry Ford Health System Detroit Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health System  Detroit Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheri","family":"Trudeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Henry Ford Health System  Detroit Michigan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Holmberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Hepatitis National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne C.","family":"Moorman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Hepatitis National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip R.","family":"Spradling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Hepatitis National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eyasu H.","family":"Teshale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Hepatitis National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Boscarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology &amp; 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