{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T22:43:22Z","timestamp":1768689802694,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection is the most aggressive form of chronic viral hepatitis. Response rates to therapy with 1\u2010 to 2\u2010year courses of pegylated interferon alpha (peginterferon) treatment are suboptimal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the long\u2010term outcomes of patients with chronic hepatitis D after an extended course of peginterferon.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients were followed after completion of trial NCT00023322 and classified based on virological response defined as loss of detectable serum HDV RNA at last follow\u2010up. During extended follow\u2010up, survival and liver\u2010related events were recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All 12 patients who received more than 6\u00a0months of peginterferon in the original study were included in this analysis. The cohort was mostly white (83%) and male (92%) and ranged in age from 18 to 58\u00a0years (mean\u00a0=\u00a042.6). Most patients had advanced but compensated liver disease at baseline, a median HBV DNA level of 536\u00a0IU per mL and median HDV RNA level of 6.86 log<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub> genome equivalents per mL. The treatment duration averaged 6.1\u00a0years (range 0.8\u201014.3) with a total follow\u2010up of 8.8\u00a0years (range 1.7\u201017.6). At last follow\u2010up, seven (58%) patients had durable undetectable HDV RNA in serum, and four (33%) cleared HBsAg. Overall, one of seven (14%) responders died or had a liver\u2010related event vs four of five (80%) non\u2010responders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>With further follow\u2010up, an extended course of peginterferon therapy was found to result in sustained clearance of HDV RNA and favourable clinical outcomes in more than half of patients and loss of HBsAg in a third.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T18:35:18Z","timestamp":1622226918000},"page":"176-182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Durable virological response and functional cure of chronic hepatitis D after long\u2010term peginterferon therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7608-0914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julian","family":"Hercun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grace E.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ben L.","family":"Da","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7549-8216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yaron","family":"Rotman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Kleiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Center National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey S.","family":"Glenn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jay H.","family":"Hoofnagle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Disease Research Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4755-5607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theo","family":"Heller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 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