{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T21:17:57Z","timestamp":1792099077622,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]],"date-time":"2021-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI17\/02233"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI17\/02233"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spontaneous HDV\u2010RNA fluctuations, assessed by nonstandardised in\u2010house assays, have been reported during the course of chronic hepatitis delta (CHD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate changes in serum HDV\u2010RNA concentrations in untreated CHD patients and correlate these changes with other HBV markers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 323 consecutive serum samples from 56 CHD patients (detectable HDV\u2010RNA) followed for &gt;3\u00a0years were retested for HDV\u2010RNA levels by a sensitive technique using the first WHO international HDV\u2010RNA standard. Quantitative HBsAg, HBV\u2010DNA, and HBV\u2010RNA were also determined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Most participants were male, middle\u2010aged, white European, and HBeAg\u2010negative (82%). Almost half had liver cirrhosis and 64% were receiving nucleos(t)ide analogues. At inclusion, median\u2010HDV\u2010RNA was 5.3 (4.2\u20106.5) log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      IU\/mL, HBsAg 4.0 (3.5\u20104.3) log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      IU\/mL, and HBV\u2010DNA 1.6 (1.0\u20102.6) log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      IU\/mL; ALT values were normal in 13 (23%). During a mean follow\u2010up of 5.6 (3\u201016) years, 14 (25%) showed \u22652log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      HDV\u2010RNA decline, including 11 (20%) who spontaneously achieved undetectable HDV\u2010RNA. Four patients (7%) lost HBsAg, with undetectable HDV\u2010RNA. The remaining 42 (75%) had persistently detectable HDV\u2010RNA. During follow\u2010up, patients with a \u22652log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      HDV\u2010RNA decline showed a greater HBsAg drop (\u22120.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.1 vs \u22120.09\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.9\u00a0log IU\/mL;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.039) than those with a &lt;2 log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      HDV\u2010RNA decline. Overall, ALT and HBV\u2010DNA levels decreased over time. There were no differences in clinical outcomes between groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One\u2010quarter of untreated CHD patients showed a \u22652log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      decline in HDV\u2010RNA and 20% reached HDV\u2010RNA undetectability during a mean follow\u2010up of 5.6\u00a0years. The decline was associated with ALT decrease. These findings have implications for designing new therapies for CHD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16485","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,28]],"date-time":"2021-06-28T13:17:12Z","timestamp":1624886232000},"page":"462-469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["One\u2010quarter of chronic hepatitis D patients reach HDV\u2010RNA decline or undetectability during the natural course of the disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Adriana","family":"Palom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Sopena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Microbiology Department Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9309-2052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar","family":"Riveiro\u2010Barciela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Carvalho\u2010Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Liver Transplantation and Hepatology Unit Hospital U. y P. La Fe Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Madej\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Liver Unit Hospital Universitario La Paz IdiPAZ Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Rodriguez\u2010Tajes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Liver Unit Hospital Clinic Barcelona IDIBAPS Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Roade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Unit Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Garc\u00eda\u2010Eliz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Transplantation and Hepatology Unit Hospital U. y P. 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