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Although current treatment is effective at preventing complications of chronic hepatitis B, it is not curative, and often must be administered long term. There is a need for safe, effective, finite duration curative therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our aim was to provide a concise, up to date review of all currently available and emerging treatment options for chronic hepatitis B.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a search of PubMed, clinicaltrials.gov, major meeting abstracts and pharmaceutical websites for publications and communications on current and emerging therapies for HBV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Currently approved treatment options for chronic hepatitis B include peginterferon alpha\u20102a and nucleos(t)ide analogues. Both options do not offer a \u2018complete cure\u2019 (clearance of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and integrated HBV DNA) and rarely achieve a \u2018functional cure\u2019 (hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss). An improved understanding of the viral lifecycle, immunopathogenesis and recent advances in drug delivery technologies have led to many novel therapeutic approaches that are currently being evaluated in clinical trials including targeting of viral entry, cccDNA, viral transcription, core protein, and release of HBsAg and HBV polymerase. Additionally, novel immunological approaches that include targeting the innate and adaptive immune system and therapeutic vaccination are being pursued.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The breadth and scope of novel therapies in development hold promise for regimen\/s that will achieve functional cure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,27]],"date-time":"2022-02-27T22:50:03Z","timestamp":1646002203000},"page":"805-819","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Review article: hepatitis B\u2014current and emerging therapies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Yardeni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health  Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2837-0188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc G.","family":"Ghany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases National Institutes of Health  Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_20_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(18)30056-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)61412-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61728-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_5_1","unstructured":"Hepatitis B key facts.https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/hepatitis\u2010b"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy585"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29800"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-015-9675-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17701-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043470"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040431"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2016.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2020.104815"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.3795"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.02.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-020-01400-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_20_20_1","unstructured":"Myrcludex B vs entecavir in patients with HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B. https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/study\/NCT02881008. 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