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PCR and sequencing was performed for the detection of gastric <jats:italic>Helicobacter<\/jats:italic> species. Retrospectively, asymptomatic gastric bypass patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a038) were included as controls. Prospectively, additional saliva samples and symptom and risk factor questionnaires were collected. In this group, patients with gastric NHPH infection were administered standard <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication therapy and underwent follow\u2010up gastroscopy post\u2010therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the retrospective samples, the prevalence of gastric NHPHs was 29.1%, while no gastric NHPHs were detected in control biopsies. In the prospective cohort, a similar proportion tested positive: 27.7% in gastric tissue and 20.6% in saliva. The sensitivity and accuracy for the detection of gastric NHPHs in saliva compared to gastric tissue was 27.8% and 69.8% respectively. Following eradication therapy, clinical remission was registered in 12 of 17 patients, histological remission in seven of nine and eradication in four of eight patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest a pathophysiological involvement of NHPHs in gastric disease. Patients presenting with gastric complaints may benefit from routine PCR testing for zoonotic gastric NHPHs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,28]],"date-time":"2023-03-28T14:31:06Z","timestamp":1680013866000},"page":"1432-1444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Clinical significance and impact of gastric non\u2010<i>Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter<\/i> species in gastric disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2825-1595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emily","family":"Taillieu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke 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