{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:06:54Z","timestamp":1778112414481,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714521600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adverse outcomes of cirrhosis remain a top priority.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined the distribution of cirrhosis causes, HCC incidence and mortality and related changes over time in a nationwide U.S. cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective study of a national sample of commercially insured patients with cirrhosis from Optum's de\u2010identified Clinformatics\u00ae Data Mart Database (CDM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 628,743 cirrhosis cases were identified with 45% having NAFLD, 19.5% HCV, and 16.3% ALD. African Americans had the highest rate of decompensation (60.6%), while Asians had the highest rate of HCC (2.4%), both\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001. African Americans more frequently had HCV (28.4%) while Hispanic\/Latinos more frequently had NAFLD (49.2%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Patients in the 2014\u20132021 cohort were significantly older (63.0\u2009\u00b1\u200912.8 vs. 57.0\u2009\u00b1\u200914.3), less frequently decompensated (54.5% vs. 58.3%) but more frequently had HCC (1.7% vs. 0.6%) and NAFLD (46.5% vs. 44.2%), all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001. The overall annual incidence of HCC was 0.76% (95% CI: 0.75\u20130.77) with a 5\u2010year cumulative incidence of 4.03% (95% CI: 3.98\u20134.09), with significant variation by sex, race\/ethnicity, and cirrhosis aetiology. The overall median years of survival were 11.4 (95% CI: 11.3\u201311.5) with a 5\u2010year cumulative survival of 73.4% (95% CI: 73.3%\u201373.6%), also with significant disparities in similar subgroups (lowest in cryptogenic cirrhosis and worse in 2014\u20132021 vs. 2003\u20132013). The 2014\u20132021 period was independently associated with worse survival (aHR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.08\u20131.20).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HCC incidence and survival vary by aetiology among patients with cirrhosis, with cryptogenic cirrhosis having the lowest survival and lower survival in the more recent time period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.18024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T02:25:00Z","timestamp":1714616700000},"page":"212-223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Updates in characteristics and survival rates of cirrhosis in a nationwide cohort of real\u2010world U.S. patients, 2003\u20132021"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Sally","family":"Tran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University Medical Center  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Biyao","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University Medical Center  Palo Alto California USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Stanford University School of Medicine  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"KeeSeok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University Medical Center  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leslie","family":"Kam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University Medical Center  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2703-5954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"YeeHui","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University Medical Center  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramsey","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University Medical Center  Palo Alto California USA"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6275-4989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mindie H.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University Medical Center  Palo Alto California USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Population Health Stanford University School of Medicine  Palo Alto California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30161"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2020.0022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2020.0329"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.11.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1510"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.11.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k2817"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.29855"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003\u20104819\u2010156\u20104\u2010201202210\u201000378"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","unstructured":"Stanford Center for Population Health Sciences(2021).Optum DOD (v5.0).Redivis. 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