{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:59:30Z","timestamp":1787169570748,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Association between dietary factors and the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been studied extensively. However, identification of deleterious dietary patterns merits further study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the risk of developing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) according to the inflammatory score of the diet (ISD) in the multinational European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used validated food frequency questionnaires collected at baseline to compute ISD scores. We estimated the association between ISD score and risks of CD and UC risks using Cox models stratified by centre, sex and age. We adjusted for smoking status, BMI, physical activity, energy intake, educational level and alcohol intake.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We included 394,255 individuals including 184 incident cases of CD and 459 of UC after median follow\u2010up of 13.6\u2009years (4,889,910 person\u2010years). High ISD scores were associated with a higher risk of CD (fourth vs. first quartile\u2010adjusted HR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.14\u20133.10;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010trend &lt;\u20090.01) but not of UC (adjusted HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.63\u20131.15;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010trend 0.21). For CD, this association was mainly observed for women (adjusted HR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.17\u20133.91;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010trend &lt;\u20090.01). On subgroup analyses, those differences were mainly driven by low intakes of fibre, mono\u2010unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin C, magnesium, onion and alcohol.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A high ISD score is associated with a higher risk of developing CD but not UC. These results should be taken into account in high\u2010risk populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.18497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]],"date-time":"2025-01-16T04:57:15Z","timestamp":1737003435000},"page":"1032-1042","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Risk of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1156-9289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoine","family":"Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP  Villejuif France"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of Bic\u00eatre, Assistance Publique\u2010H\u00f4pitaux de Paris  Le Kremlin Bicetre France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8581-1061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon S. M.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia  Norwich UK"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Trust  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathilde","family":"Touvier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cit\u00e9 (CRESS)  Bobigny France"},{"name":"Department of Public Health GHU Paris\u2010Seine\u2010Saint\u2010Denis, Assistance Publique Des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP\u2010HP)  Bobigny France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantal","family":"Julia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cit\u00e9 (CRESS)  Bobigny France"},{"name":"Department of Public Health GHU Paris\u2010Seine\u2010Saint\u2010Denis, Assistance Publique Des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP\u2010HP)  Bobigny France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Tj\u00f8nneland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danish Cancer Society Research Center  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Institute of Public Health University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilie","family":"Kyr\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina C.","family":"Dahm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Aarhus University  Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Verena A.","family":"Katzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Epidemiology German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam\u2010Rehbruecke  Nuthetal Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias B.","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Epidemiology German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam\u2010Rehbruecke  Nuthetal Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosario","family":"Tumino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Nutritional Science University of Potsdam  Nuthetal Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlotta","family":"Sacerdote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Unit Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO) Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Masala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Unit Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO) Florence  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bas","family":"Oldenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Medical Center Utrecht  Utrecht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcela","family":"Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud P\u00fablica y Laboral de Navarra, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)  Pamplona Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica (CIBERESP)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Bujanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute\u2014Donostia University Hospital, Universidad del Pa\u00eds Vasco (UPV\/EHU), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd)  San Sebastian Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia A.","family":"Cabrera Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Regional Health Council, IMIB\u2010Arrixaca  Murcia Spain"},{"name":"Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP) Instituto de Salud Carlos III  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tammy Y. N.","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nutfield Department of Population Health University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alicia K.","family":"Heath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Unit School of Public Health, Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e9lanie","family":"Deschasaux\u2010Tanguy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cit\u00e9 (CRESS)  Bobigny France"},{"name":"Department of Public Health GHU Paris\u2010Seine\u2010Saint\u2010Denis, Assistance Publique Des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP\u2010HP)  Bobigny France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serge","family":"Hercberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cit\u00e9 (CRESS)  Bobigny France"},{"name":"Department of Public Health GHU Paris\u2010Seine\u2010Saint\u2010Denis, Assistance Publique Des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP\u2010HP)  Bobigny France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Galan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Paris Nord University, INSERM U1153, INRAE U1125, CNAM, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University Paris Cit\u00e9 (CRESS)  Bobigny France"},{"name":"Department of Public Health GHU Paris\u2010Seine\u2010Saint\u2010Denis, Assistance Publique Des H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP\u2010HP)  Bobigny France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yahya","family":"Mahamat\u2010Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP  Villejuif France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Severi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP  Villejuif France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Carbonnel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP  Villejuif France"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of Bic\u00eatre, Assistance Publique\u2010H\u00f4pitaux de Paris  Le Kremlin Bicetre France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lien","family":"Amiot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm, Gustave Roussy, CESP  Villejuif France"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of Bic\u00eatre, Assistance Publique\u2010H\u00f4pitaux de Paris  Le Kremlin Bicetre France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","article-title":"Lifestyle Factors for the Prevention of Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"2022","author":"Lopes E. 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