{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T16:28:35Z","timestamp":1778862515817,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) requires maintenance of remission during pregnancy to avoid poor maternal and fetal outcomes. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) could also increase these risks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the prevalence of ICP in pregnancies with IBD and associations with thiopurine exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An electronic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and EMBASE Classic databases using search terms for IBD and ICP from inception to 10th September 2024 was performed. Studies involving pregnant adults with a confirmed diagnosis of IBD reporting ICP were included. Prevalence and event numbers for ICP were pooled using a random effects model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified two case reports, a case series of eight cases, and three cohort studies. Pooled prevalence of ICP in 1603 pregnancies with IBD was 3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0%\u20137.0%). One cohort study reported that the prevalence of ICP in IBD was significantly higher compared to the general population (odds ratio [OR] 3.08 [95% CI 1.11\u20138.56], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.039). Meta\u2010analysis showed that thiopurine exposure was associated with an increased risk of ICP, OR 6.65 [95% CI 3.10\u201314.25]. One cohort study showed that, compared to non\u2010IBD controls, the incidence of ICP was increased in thiopurine exposed pregnancies (OR 7.55 [95% CI 2.52\u201322.57] <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) but not in non\u2010exposed pregnancies (OR 1.41 [95% CI 0.40\u20134.92], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.75).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with IBD have a higher risk of ICP compared to the general population. Thiopurine exposure in patients with IBD is associated with an increased risk of ICP. Clinicians should monitor pregnant patients with IBD exposed to thiopurines for symptoms of ICP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.70096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T07:17:31Z","timestamp":1742714251000},"page":"1430-1436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Meta\u2010Analysis: Pregnancies With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Complicated by Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Shamim","family":"Joudaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico san Matteo  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olamide","family":"Oladipupo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals Foundation Trust  Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Carbery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Gastroenterology Institute Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6654-4911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco Vincenzo","family":"Lenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, University of Pavia, First Department of Internal Medicine Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico san Matteo  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2022-5859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian P.","family":"Selinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Gastroenterology Institute Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust  Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjac115"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15587"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17305\/bb.2024.10588"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1806\u20109282.20240860"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","article-title":"Navigating the Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy: An Autobiographical Case Report","volume":"16","author":"Dam B.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","article-title":"Navigating the Complexities: A Rare Case of Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy With Placenta Previa Manifesting With Seizures","volume":"16","author":"Salvi P.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17206"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2024.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i22.4102"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12112746"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000193"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12232725"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2021.102083"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643\u2010016\u20100384\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","unstructured":"G.Wells B.Shea andD.O'Connell \u201cThe Newcastle\u2010Ottawa Scale (NOS) for Assessing the Quality of Nonrandomised Studies in Meta\u2010Analyses. 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