{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T17:11:37Z","timestamp":1794244297520,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Management of refractory ulcerative colitis (UC) unresponsive to advanced therapies is challenging. Combination therapy is a potential strategy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of vedolizumab and tofacitinib combination (VETO) therapy in patients with UC refractory to anti\u2010TNF and unresponsive to either agent as monotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We prospectively recruited patients with moderate\u2010to\u2010severe disease activity (Mayo score: 6\u201312). Patients were randomised to receive vedolizumab or tofacitinib. Non\u2010responders were offered VETO therapy and followed for 24\u2009weeks. The primary outcome was a combined clinical response and corticosteroid\u2010free remission at week 24. Secondary outcomes included clinical response and remission at week 8, endoscopic remission at week 24 and incidence and severity of treatment\u2010related adverse events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 91 patients, 38 were randomised to vedolizumab and 40 to tofacitinib. Fourteen and 15, respectively, were non\u2010responders to vedolizumab and tofacitinib; 24 received VETO with follow\u2010up of 34\u2009\u00b1\u200916.1\u2009weeks. Median second\u2010line therapy duration before VETO was 21\u2009weeks. Five non\u2010responders received alternative interventions or were lost to follow\u2010up. At week 8, 17 achieved clinical response and five achieved remission; three underwent colectomy. At week 24, response and corticosteroid\u2010free remission were seen in 17 and 14, respectively; 7 achieved endoscopic remission. Mayo scores improved significantly (mean difference 5.33\u2009\u00b1\u20090.53;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Two patients developed pseudomembranous colitis that resolved with vancomycin. No severe adverse events occurred.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>VETO was effective and safe in patients with UC refractory to anti\u2010TNF and second\u2010line therapies, with over half achieving clinical remission by 24\u2009weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.70309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T07:20:33Z","timestamp":1754292033000},"page":"81-92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Vedolizumab and Tofacitinib (\n                    <scp>VETO<\/scp>\n                    ) Combination Therapy in Refractory Ulcerative Colitis Unresponsive to Anti\u2010\n                    <scp>TNF<\/scp>\n                    and a Second\u2010Line Advanced Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Nested Within a Randomised Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8531-461X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pardhu Bharath","family":"Neelam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases AIG Hospital  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhanush","family":"Mekala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases AIG Hospital  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajender","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases AIG Hospital  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3753-4933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rupa","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases AIG Hospital  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.06.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2002697"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.04.068"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izab011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco\u2010jcc\/jjad112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco\u2010jcc\/jjab112"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","unstructured":"Published Correction Appears in J Crohns Colitis 17 no.1(2023):149 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ecco\u2010jcc\/jjac104."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876\u2010022\u201002559\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.02.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa092"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izab112"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"2229","article-title":"Preventability and Severity Assessment in Reporting Adverse Drug Reactions","volume":"49","author":"Hartwig S. 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