{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T12:11:39Z","timestamp":1775563899625,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aliment Pharmacol Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bacterial infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis. This study aimed to investigate patient plasma\u2010induced dysfunction of healthy neutrophils (PIND) as a predictor of subsequent infection and mortality in patients with AD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One hundred sixty AD patients (117\u2009\n                      <jats:sc>AD<\/jats:sc>\n                      \u2010NoACLF and 43\u2009AD\u2010ACLF), with a predominantly alcohol\u2010related liver disease, were prospectively recruited. Plasma from 21 healthy controls and 74 patients with stable compensated cirrhosis was used as controls. Patient plasma was co\u2010incubated with neutrophils from healthy donors to assess neutrophil function, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and phagocytic capacity, and CD62L surface expression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Plasma from AD patients induced a primed state in healthy neutrophils, characterised by increased constitutive and N\u2010formyl\u2010Met\u2010Leu\u2010Phe (fMLP)\u2010induced ROS production. However, effector functions were impaired, with significantly reduced phorbol 12\u2010myristate 13\u2010acetate (PMA)\u2010induced ROS production, phagocytic capacity and CD62L expression.\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:styled-content>\n                        \u2010\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      induced ROS production predicted subsequent infection in the total AD and AD\u2010NoACLF cohorts (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.043 and\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013, respectively), while PMA\u2010induced ROS production predicted 90\u2010day mortality in the AD\u2010NoACLF group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.041). None of the neutrophil function assays were predictive of clinical outcomes in AD\u2010ACLF patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma from patients with AD induces a \u2018primed but exhausted\u2019 neutrophil phenotype, characterised by a paradoxical failure to respond to stimuli. This dysfunction was associated with an increased risk of infection and mortality, particularly in AD\u2010NoACLF patients. PIND offers a promising strategy to improve risk stratification in this high\u2010risk population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.70480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T09:22:29Z","timestamp":1764580949000},"page":"1000-1017","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Patient Plasma\u2010Induced Neutrophil Dysfunction Is Associated With Infection Risk and Mortality in Patients With Acute Decompensation of Cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Supachaya","family":"Sriphoosanaphan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Failure Group, Institute for Liver and Digestive Health University College London  London UK"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University  Bangkok Thailand"},{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Liver Diseases, 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