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Efforts have been made to enhance oocyte developmental competence by developing optimal culture conditions. The present study is conducted to determine melatonin effects on quality of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) oocytes when it has been added during <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> maturation, and immature oocytes were cultured in defined conditioned medium with and without different melatonin concentrations. Melatonin could significantly improve nuclear maturation of PCOS oocytes (81.1% vs. 56.3%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05 were achieved with 10<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup> mol\/L concentration). Cleavage rate was significantly higher in 10<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup> mol\/L concentration compared to untreated oocytes in PCOS (54% vs. 35%, respectively) and it was significantly higher with 10<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup> mol\/L concentration in the control group, 55% versus 38%, compared to untreated oocytes. This study showed that melatonin has the potential to induce oocyte nuclear maturation and guarantee fertilization potential. \u00a9 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.12675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,17]],"date-time":"2016-08-17T10:53:54Z","timestamp":1471431234000},"page":"586-592","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Effects of melatonin on oocyte maturation in PCOS mouse model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Nikmard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anatomy Department, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elham","family":"Hosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anatomy Department, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran 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