{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T10:35:07Z","timestamp":1775126107685,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]],"date-time":"2016-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animal Science Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 180 mixed\u2010sex pigs (Duroc \u00d7 (Yorkshire \u00d7 Landrace); average initial body weight of 7.36\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2\u00a0kg) weaned at 21\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01 days were fed corn\u2010soybean meal\u2010wheat\u2010based diets to determine the optimal standardized ileal digestible (SID) tryptophan to lysine ratio (Trp\u00a0:\u00a0Lys) in a 2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a05 factorial arrangement (two sanitary conditions: clean (CL) and unclean (UCL), and five dietary treatments (SID Trp\u00a0:\u00a0Lys (16, 18, 20, 22 and 24%)). In each sanitary condition, blood was collected on days 0 and 14 to determine plasma urea nitrogen and on day 14, ileal tissue (one pig per pen) was collected for the measurement of gut morphology. Pigs kept under UCL conditions had lower growth rate (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) than under CL conditions. Under CL conditions, the estimated optimal SID Trp\u00a0:\u00a0Lys for average daily gain (ADG) was 19.7% whereas under UCL conditions these values were 20.5% and 19.0% for ADG and gain\u2010to\u2010feed ratio, respectively. Under CL conditions, increasing SID Trp\u00a0:\u00a0Lys reduced (linear, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.05) plasma urea nitrogen concentration but had no effect (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.10) on villous height (VH), crypt depth ( CD) and VH\u00a0:\u00a0CD. In conclusion, an SID Trp\u00a0:\u00a0Lys to optimize ADG for pigs raised under UCL conditions was higher (4%) than CL conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.12695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]],"date-time":"2016-09-28T09:49:39Z","timestamp":1475056179000},"page":"763-771","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Effects of different dietary tryptophan\u00a0:\u00a0lysine ratios and sanitary conditions on growth performance, plasma urea nitrogen, serum haptoglobin and ileal histomorphology of weaned pigs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Balachandar","family":"Jayaraman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John K.","family":"Htoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evonik Industries AG  Hanau Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles M.","family":"Nyachoti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science University of Manitoba  Winnipeg Manitoba Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Official Methods of Analysis","author":"Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC)","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22358\/jafs\/65920\/2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","volume-title":"Guidelines on: The care and use of experimental animals in research, teaching and testing","author":"Canadian Council on Animal Care","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1745039X.2014.995972"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/1995.732472x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2010.06.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0720(15)30087-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0396.2005.00529.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/2002.80102646x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/1992.7061873x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-1274"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0396.2012.01284.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-1627"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4141\/cjas2013-016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","unstructured":"KahindiRK HtooJK NyachotiCM.2014b.The standardised ileal digestible lysine requirement of 7 to 16\u00a0kg weaned pigs fed antibiotic\u2010free diet. 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