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Serum samples were collected from 10 pregnant Murrah Buffalo heifers at weekly intervals from days 0\u201035 post\u2010artificial insemination and from 12 inseminated non\u2010pregnant cyclic buffalo heifers on days 0, 7, 14 and 21. Two\u2010dimensional gel electrophoresis and densitometric analysis revealed the presence of five protein spots showing average density fold change of \u22654 during early pregnancy. Mass spectrometry analysis identified these up\u2010regulated proteins as anti\u2010testosterone antibody light chain, apolipoprotein A\u2010II precursor, serum amyloid A, cytokeratin type II, component IV isoform 1, which are have established roles in embryogenesis, but over\u2010expression of the fifth identified protein immunoglobulin lambda light chain in pregnancy has been elucidated as a novel finding in the current study. Further, with bioinformatics analysis, potential antigenic B\u2010cell epitopes were predicted for all these five proteins. An antibody cocktail\u2010based approach involving antibodies against all these five up\u2010regulated entire proteins or their epitopes could be developed for early detection of pregnancy in buffaloes. \u00a9 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.12754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,27]],"date-time":"2016-12-27T13:25:20Z","timestamp":1482845120000},"page":"1189-1197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Identification of serum protein markers for early diagnosis of pregnancy in buffalo"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Lukumoni","family":"Buragohain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Veterinary Research Institute  Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trilok","family":"Nanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Sciences Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Hisar Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnab","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Veterinary Research Institute  Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mayukh","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Sciences Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Hisar Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Physiology, Veterinary College, Pookode KAVASU  Lakkidi Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Dairy Research Institute  Karnal Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sambhu Sharan","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Sciences Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences  Hisar Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arpita","family":"Bharali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Veterinary Research Institute  Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashok K.","family":"Mohanty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Dairy Research Institute  Karnal Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inderjeet","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes  Hisar Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashok Kumar","family":"Balhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes  Hisar Haryana India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/958540"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"A Textbook of Animal Husbandry","author":"Banerjee GC","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1935(17)32797-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rda.12700"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3880175"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(01)74629-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"475","volume-title":"Passive immunization against steroid hormones in the females (Webb R, Land RB, Pathiraja N)","author":"Crighton DB","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.665"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1935(17)34592-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","unstructured":"FAOSTAT.2005.FAOSTAT Agriculture Database. 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