{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:37:02Z","timestamp":1762101422903},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,25]],"date-time":"2013-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"Objective<\/jats:title>Determine leptospiral serodiversity, serodominant serovars and prevalence in the horse population of N<\/jats:styled-content>orthern Q<\/jats:styled-content>ueensland (NQ<\/jats:styled-content>), A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralia, with special focus on the A<\/jats:styled-content>therton T<\/jats:styled-content>ableland and T<\/jats:styled-content>ownsville\u2013B<\/jats:styled-content>urdekin regions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Design<\/jats:title>Cross\u2010sectional survey.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Serum samples from 429 horses originating from 172 horse\u2010owning properties in NQ<\/jats:styled-content> were collected at regional horse shows and veterinary clinics. Samples were analysed using a microscopic agglutination test. Owners were interviewed on potential risk factors associated with leptospirosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Of the 172 properties that submitted samples, horses from 60 properties (35%, 95% confidence interval (CI<\/jats:styled-content>) 31\u201339%) in NQ<\/jats:styled-content> showed evidence of exposure to one or more serovars of L<\/jats:styled-content>eptospira<\/jats:italic> at a serum dilution of 1\u2009:\u2009100. The proportion of seropositive properties in the Atherton Tableland and Townsville\u2013Burdekin regions was 25% (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 17\u201333%) and 36% (95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 30\u201343%), respectively. In total, 81 horses had titres to a single serovar and the remained had titres to two or more serovars. Although 20 serovars representing 17 serogroups were detected, serovar A<\/jats:styled-content>rborea was serodominant and detected in horses from 29 properties. Geldings were more at risk (odds ratio 3.3) of being seropositive to serovar Arborea. The detection of serovar A<\/jats:styled-content>rborea\u2010seropositive horses was strongly associated (P<\/jats:styled-content> < 0.05) with the average annual rainfall each property received and the presence of pigs and sugarcane fields in the vicinity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Serological evidence of leptospirosis in horses in NQ<\/jats:styled-content> indicates that prevalence is high and horses have been exposed to a wide range of serovars.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,25]],"date-time":"2013-04-25T06:25:22Z","timestamp":1366871122000},"page":"190-197","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Equine leptospirosis in tropical N<\/scp>orthern Q<\/scp>ueensland"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"C","family":"Wangdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Picard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Condon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tableland Veterinary Services Malanda QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Dowling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Townsville Veterinary Clinic Aitkenvale QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Gummow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences James Cook University Townsville Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.11.7259-7266.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"Comparison of leptospiral infection in the horse and donkey","volume":"49","author":"Hajikolaei MRH","year":"2005","journal-title":"B Vet Inst Pu\u0142awy"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1958.tb35398.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1993.tb00823.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(02)00183-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2006.00089.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/jsava.v70i1.747"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3306.1983.tb01811.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2746\/095777309X467853"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"An outbreak of leptospirosis in horses on a small farm","volume":"121","author":"Roberts SJ","year":"1952","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.2007.00921.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879500700114"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Equine leptospirosis with some clinical observations","volume":"9","author":"Barsoum IS","year":"1978","journal-title":"Ann Rech Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.12935\/jvma.62.303","article-title":"Case study of equine leptospirosis associated with renal failure","volume":"62","author":"Hatazoe T","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Jpn Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.43-5-755"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.7.2731-2733.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1982.tb02733.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1982.tb02707.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","unstructured":"SmytheL CraigS BurnsMA DohntM.National leptospirosis surveillance: report number 18 (January\u2013December 2009). 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