{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T21:40:22Z","timestamp":1782769222469,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,23]],"date-time":"2013-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Case report<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two dark\u2010coloured alpaca crias aged 5 and 5.5 months, respectively, born in September in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>acific<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>orthwest,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">USA<\/jats:styled-content>, were presented for evaluation of acute recumbency.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Both crias had cervical spine fractures and one had additional fractures in other locations within the spine. Both crias had valgus deformities of the forelimbs and one had similar deformities of the hindlimbs. Both crias showed characteristic radiological signs of rickets syndrome, including wide, irregular physes, cupping of the metaphyses, bowing of long bones, pathological fractures and enlarged costochondral junctions.<\/jats:p><jats:p>One cria responded clinically to treatment with parenteral administration of vitamin<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>. The other cria was euthanased because of the multiple spinal fractures and postmortem examination supported the diagnosis of rickets syndrome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypovitaminosis<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>is associated with abnormal bone formation in young growing animals. The clinical and laboratory findings of rickets syndrome in camelids in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>acific<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>orthwest, and other regions with low annual sunlight exposure, have been described, although there are only few reports of the radiological signs associated with this condition in camelids and other animals. Additionally, vertebral fractures have not been previously reported in animals with rickets syndrome. Because vertebral fractures were identified in both crias in this report, it suggests that this is a common and clinically important manifestation of the disease in alpaca crias. Hence, in geographic regions with low sunlight exposure, rickets syndrome should be considered as a differential diagnosis in crias presenting with clinical signs consistent with vertebral fracture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,13]],"date-time":"2015-10-13T16:30:58Z","timestamp":1444753858000},"page":"437-440","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Vertebral fractures in two alpaca crias with rickets syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"SM","family":"Stieger\u2010Vanegas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Magruder Hall Corvallis OR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Garret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Magruder Hall Corvallis OR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EC","family":"McKenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Magruder Hall Corvallis OR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CV","family":"L\u00f6hr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Magruder Hall Corvallis OR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-009-1470-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.229.4.499"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2009.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2009.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2001.62.1187"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2008.03.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.122.16.386"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985810375240"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1996.209.06.1128","article-title":"Evaluation of vitamin D status of llamas and alpacas with hypophosphatemic rickets","volume":"209","author":"Van Saun RJ","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00480169.1994.35828"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2002.63.948"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)02681-1","article-title":"Rickets and osteomalacia are still around","volume":"29","author":"Pitt MJ.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)01345-8","article-title":"Rachitic and osteomalacic syndromes","volume":"19","author":"Pitt MJ.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2005.07.006"}],"container-title":["Australian Veterinary Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Favj.12103","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/avj.12103","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,11]],"date-time":"2024-06-11T19:21:11Z","timestamp":1718133671000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/avj.12103"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,23]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/avj.12103"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/avj.12103","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-0423","1751-0813"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-0423","type":"print"},{"value":"1751-0813","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-04-30","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-09-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}