{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,28]],"date-time":"2025-12-28T02:26:25Z","timestamp":1766888785454},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,28]],"date-time":"2014-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1390867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study used a model of the development of wool damage caused by lice in long wool to examine the conditions under which treatment of the sheep is advisable on an economic basis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The model uses the proportion of a flock showing visible signs of rubbing and the number of days until the next shearing to compare the cost of treatment (product plus labour) with production losses because of the reduction in wool value caused by lice. From the model output, guidelines are provided to inform producers of the most cost\u2010effective option for lice control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Under normal conditions, if there are any signs of rubbing \u2265140 days before shearing, then treatment was the best option. If signs of wool damage are not observed until there are \u226470 days before shearing, then the most cost\u2010effective option is to not treat at all. Between these two periods, the time period in which not treating is the most cost\u2010effective option decreases as the number of sheep visibly affected by lice increases. At higher wool values (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>$70\/head vs <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>$35), the option to treat is brought forward approximately 25 days, whereas at a low wool value (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>$17.50\/head) the period in which no treatment is the most cost\u2010effective is extended by approximately 25 days. Treating only the visibly affected sheep is the best option only for a very short time for all wool values and treatment costs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The model provides guidelines for control of lice in long wool to minimise the net cost of infestation and limit unnecessary pesticide use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,29]],"date-time":"2014-01-29T03:32:48Z","timestamp":1390966368000},"page":"8-14","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Guidelines for treatment of lice in sheep with long wool based on a model of the development of wool damage"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"PG","family":"Lucas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture University of Tasmania  PO Box 46 Kings Meadows Tasmania 7249 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"BJ","family":"Horton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture University of Tasmania  PO Box 46 Kings Meadows Tasmania 7249 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/EA9850027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(82)90059-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1071\/AN11240","article-title":"The prevalence of lice (Bovicola ovis) in sheep flocks on the central and southern Tablelands of New South wales","volume":"52","author":"Popp S","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anim Prod Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/EA07179"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2011.09.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"98","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th International Congress for Sheep Veterinarians","author":"Shaw T","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"567","article-title":"Changing control practices and wool industry implications","volume":"50","author":"James PJ","year":"2002","journal-title":"Wool Technol Sheep Breed"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"135","volume-title":"FLICS: flystrike and lice IPM control strategies","author":"James P","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","volume-title":"Integrated parasite management in sheep project: benchmark survey","author":"Reeve I","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"219","article-title":"Effect of the sheep body louse (Damalina ovis) on host weight gain and fleece value","volume":"2","author":"Kettle PR","year":"1974","journal-title":"NZ J Exp Agric"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"53","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Australian Sheep Veterinarians 2007 Conference","author":"Horton B","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","first-page":"331","volume-title":"FLICS: flystrike and lice IPM control strategies","author":"James PJ","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"346","volume-title":"FLICS: flystrike and lice IPM control strategies","author":"James PJ","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/AN09208"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"331","volume-title":"FLICS: flystrike and lice IPM control strategies","author":"James PJ","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/AN11008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","unstructured":"JamesP HortonB EvansDet\u2009al.LiceBoss: sheep lice control decision support. 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