{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:23:16Z","timestamp":1777501396540,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,26]],"date-time":"2014-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Case report<\/jats:title><jats:p>Perennial ryegrass toxicosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRGT<\/jats:styled-content>) is a common disease entity in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralia, presenting as an association of clinical signs including alterations in normal behavioural, ataxia (\u2018staggers\u2019), ill thrift and gastrointestinal dysfunction (\u2018scours\u2019). Clinical signs can range in severity from mild (gait abnormalities and failure to thrive) to severe (seizures, lateral recumbency and death). Presentation across the flock is usually highly variable. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRGT<\/jats:styled-content> is caused by toxins produced by the endophytic fungus <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>eotyphodium lolii<\/jats:italic>, a symbiont of perennial ryegrass that is present in pastures across the temperate regions of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralia and Tasmania. A particular feature of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRGT<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralia is the occasional occurrence of large\u2010scale sheep losses, suggesting other factors are influencing mortality rates compared with other <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRGT<\/jats:styled-content> risk zones such as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>orth <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>merica and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>ew <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Z<\/jats:styled-content>ealand. During 2011, producers in the state of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">V<\/jats:styled-content>ictoria experienced a mild outbreak of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRGT<\/jats:styled-content> that affected large numbers of animals but with limited mortalities. Clinical samples taken from affected sheep showed a high incidence of dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We speculate that changes in hydration status may be a contributory aetiological factor in those years in which high numbers of deaths are associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PRGT<\/jats:styled-content> outbreaks in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,27]],"date-time":"2014-03-27T03:33:26Z","timestamp":1395891206000},"page":"107-113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evidence of dehydration and electrolyte disturbances in cases of perennial ryegrass toxicosis in <scp>A<\/scp>ustralian 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