{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:22:52Z","timestamp":1791231772078,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,24]],"date-time":"2014-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1408838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the specificity and sensitivity of a commercial copro\u2010antigen<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>for the detection of<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>asciola hepatica<\/jats:italic>infection in cattle and sheep and to assess the suitability of the test for use in horses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Testing was done on more than 100 negative faecal samples from each of sheep, cattle and horses and on at least 40 positive faecal samples from each species. Positive samples were selected based on a positive sedimentation test for liver fluke eggs. Faecal samples of animals from<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>estern<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ustralia, which is free of liver fluke infection, served as negative controls. Specificity and sensitivity were assessed for each species using the recommended kit cut\u2010off and also custom cut\u2010offs specific for each species based on the mean plus 3\u2010fold standard deviation of the mean of the negative samples for each species.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using the cut\u2010off recommended by the kit manufacturer, the specificity was 100% for all species and the sensitivity was 88%, 80% and 9% for sheep, cattle and horses, respectively. Using the lower custom cut\u2010offs for each species improved the sensitivity to 100% for sheep, 87% for cattle and 28% for horses, while maintaining the specificity above 99% for all species.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sensitivity of the commercial copro\u2010antigen<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>can be improved by using custom cut\u2010off values for each species. With this modification, it is a suitable alternative screening test to the currently used sedimentation test for border control of sheep and cattle movement. The test is not suitable for use in horses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,25]],"date-time":"2014-08-25T02:35:21Z","timestamp":1408934121000},"page":"357-361","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Evaluation of a copro\u2010antigen<scp>ELISA<\/scp>to detect<i><scp>F<\/scp>asciola hepatica<\/i>infection in sheep, cattle and horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"DG","family":"Palmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Health Laboratories Department of Agriculture and Food 3 Baron\u2010Hay Court South Perth Western Australia 6151 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Lyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Health Laboratories Department of Agriculture and Food Albany WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MA","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Health Laboratories Department of Agriculture and Food Albany WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Forshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Health Laboratories Department of Agriculture and Food Albany WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1995.tb03546.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(99)00026-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.01.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2006.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-192R"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.10.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"535","article-title":"Die Behandlung der Fasciolose beim Rind mit \u2018Hetol\u2019\u00ae","volume":"67","author":"Enigk K","year":"1960","journal-title":"Dtsche Tier\u00e4rztl Wsch"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"418","article-title":"Zur Bedeutug der Gallenblase des Rindes als Ausscheidungsreservoir nach einer Leberegelbehandlung","volume":"23","author":"Six F","year":"1968","journal-title":"Tier\u00e4rztl Umschau"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"108","article-title":"Investigations on excretion time of liver fluke eggs after killing the parasite","volume":"14","author":"Chowaniec W","year":"1970","journal-title":"Bull Vet Inst Pulawy"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","unstructured":"FlanaganA.Development of diagnostic tests for the detection of resistance to triclabendazole inFasciola hepatica. 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