{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T16:20:04Z","timestamp":1759335604837,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]],"date-time":"2014-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1412640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aetiology of insulin resistance (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IR<\/jats:styled-content>) in naturally occurring canine hypothyroidism is poorly understood and likely multifactorial. Excess secretion of growth hormone (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content>) by transdifferentiated pituitary cells may contribute to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IR<\/jats:styled-content>in some hypothyroid dogs, but although this has been demonstrated in experimental studies, it has not yet been documented in clinical cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case report<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 4\u2010year\u2010old male entire<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>amoyed presented with an 8\u2010month history of pedal hyperkeratosis and shifting lameness, which had been unresponsive to zinc supplementation, antibiotics and glucocorticoid therapy. The dog also exhibited exercise intolerance and polydipsia of 12 and 2 months duration, respectively. On physical examination, obesity, poor coat condition, widened interdental spaces and mild respiratory stridor were noted. Initial laboratory test results revealed concurrent hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>). Further investigations showed<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IR<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content>excess and a paradoxical increase of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content>following stimulation with thyrotropin\u2010releasing hormone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case that suggests that<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content>alterations may have clinical significance in naturally occurring hypothyroidism. Among other factors, hypothyroidism\u2010induced<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GH<\/jats:styled-content>excess should be considered as a possible cause of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IR<\/jats:styled-content>in patients suffering from hypothyroidism and concurrent<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>. In such cases,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>may reverse with treatment of hypothyroidism, as was documented in this case.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]],"date-time":"2014-10-07T09:41:21Z","timestamp":1412674881000},"page":"437-442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Hypothyroidism associated with acromegaly and insulin\u2010resistant diabetes mellitus in a<scp>S<\/scp>amoyed"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"T","family":"Johnstone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Melbourne Veterinary Hospital Department of Small Animal Medicine 250 Princes Highway Werribee Victoria 3030 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Terzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine University College Dublin, Belfield Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CT","family":"Mooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine University College Dublin, Belfield Dublin Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.238.12.1616"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0194.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1993.202.09.1478","article-title":"Insulin resistance in three dogs with hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus","volume":"202","author":"Ford SL","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2000.217.1166"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1984.45.08.1493","article-title":"Survey of thyroglobulin autoantibodies in dogs","volume":"45","author":"Haines DM","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2007.00398.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0797"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109889"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2570369"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2630243"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.1997.1380688.x"},{"journal-title":"J Biomed Biotechnol","article-title":"Skeletal muscle insulin resistance in endocrine disease","author":"Peppa M","key":"e_1_2_7_13_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0478"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/13813455199908107041QFT273"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(84)90224-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90580-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.73.4.529"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-005-1696-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1680059"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2007.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"820","article-title":"Canine superficial necrolytic dermatitis","volume":"11","author":"Chellio LM","year":"2005","journal-title":"Compend Contin Educ Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"555","article-title":"Diagnostic dermatology. 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