{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T03:31:01Z","timestamp":1777347061596,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]],"date-time":"2015-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Case report<\/jats:title><jats:p>An 18\u2010month\u2010old Charolais steer was presented with lameness and fluctuant swelling of the right stifle joint, which yielded neutrophils on fine\u2010needle aspiration. A diagnosis of bacterial proliferative tenosynovitis and arthritis was made on postmortem and histological examination. Culture and 16S rRNA sequencing identified a <jats:italic>Nocardia<\/jats:italic> sp. with 99% homology with the corresponding DNA fragment of <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>mexicana<\/jats:italic> DSM 44952. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed the isolate was susceptible to co\u2010trimoxazole and third\u2010generation cephalosporins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We report the first case, both in Australia and internationally, of proliferative tenosynovitis and arthritis caused by <jats:italic>Nocardia<\/jats:italic> spp. infection in a bovine and the first report of pathology attributed to <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>mexicana<\/jats:italic> in a veterinary patient. Given the limited susceptibility of the bacteria, the poor antimicrobial penetration that would be expected and the morphological changes that had taken place in the joint; the steer would have required protracted antimicrobial treatment in addition to invasive debridement of the lesion. This case emphasises the importance of routinely performing cytology and extended incubation of cultures in cases of arthritis in order to make ethical and economically viable treatment decisions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,5]],"date-time":"2015-05-05T01:25:57Z","timestamp":1430789157000},"page":"170-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Isolation of <i>Nocardia mexicana<\/i> from focal proliferative tenosynovitis and arthritis in a steer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"H","family":"Owen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland School of Veterinary Science  Gatton Queensland 4343 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Buckle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland School of Veterinary Science  Gatton Queensland 4343 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Olm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland School of Veterinary Science  Gatton Queensland 4343 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Leitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland School of Veterinary Science  Gatton Queensland 4343 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Mycobacterium Reference Laboratory Pathology Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston  Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JB","family":"Gaughan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland School of Agriculture and Food Sciences  Gatton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ML","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland School of Agriculture and Food Sciences  Gatton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"AM","family":"Lees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland School of Agriculture and Food Sciences  Gatton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JS","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland School of Veterinary Science  Gatton Queensland 4343 Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.10.4530-4535.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2011.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.64695-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199302000-00037","article-title":"Thorn synovitis of the knee joint with Nocardia pyarthrosis","volume":"287","author":"Freiberg AA","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-011-0311-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022172400060447"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2012.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-010-0027-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1974.tb06536.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1985.tb14914.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.234.5.669"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.18.3.702-708.1983","article-title":"Nocardia asteriodes recovery from a dog with steroid\u2010 and antibiotic\u2010unresponsive idiopathic polyarthritis","volume":"18","author":"Buchanan A","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-007-9320-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-136-1-37"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00681-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkt1244"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","unstructured":"Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute.Susceptibility testing ofMycobacteria Nocardiae and other aerobic actinomycetes. 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