{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T03:16:10Z","timestamp":1765422970623},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,28]],"date-time":"2017-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Animal and Biomedical Sciences at Massey University"},{"name":"Institute of Veterinary"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the prevalence of selected canine vector\u2010borne diseases (<jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Anaplasma<\/jats:italic>spp.,<jats:italic>Ehrlichia canis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Dirofilaria immitis<\/jats:italic>) and endo\u2010 and ectoparasites in Samoan dogs presenting for surgical sterilisation and to report on the general health management of the dogs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was a prospective serological cross\u2010sectional survey. Management data were obtained for 242 dogs by interview with their owners. Blood samples were collected from 237 dogs and screened for the canine vector\u2010borne diseases using point\u2010of\u2010care qualitative ELISA assays.<jats:italic>Anaplasma<\/jats:italic>spp. positive samples were screened by PCR and sequenced for species identification. Rectal faecal samples were collected from 204 dogs for faecal flotation and immunofluorescent antibody tests were performed for<jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>spp. on a subset of 93 faecal samples. The skin and coat of 221 dogs were examined for presence of ectoparasites.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The<jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic>antigen was detected in 46.8% (111\/237) of dogs. Seroprevalence of<jats:italic>Anaplasma<\/jats:italic>spp. was 8.4% (20\/237);<jats:italic>A. platys<\/jats:italic>was confirmed by PCR. Prevalence of hookworm was 92.6% (185\/205) and<jats:italic>Giardia<\/jats:italic>was 29.0% (27\/93). Ectoparasites were detected on 210\/221 (95.0%) of dogs examined and 228\/242 dogs (94.2%) had previously never received any preventative medication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a very high prevalence of<jats:italic>D. immitis<\/jats:italic>, hookworm and external parasites in Samoan dogs, and prophylactic medication is rarely administered. This is the first report confirming<jats:italic>A. platys<\/jats:italic>in Samoa and the South Pacific islands. The public health implications of poor management of the dogs should be considered and investigated further.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]],"date-time":"2017-12-01T14:28:06Z","timestamp":1512138486000},"page":"462-468","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Cross\u2010sectional survey of health management and prevalence of vector\u2010borne diseases, endoparasites and ectoparasites in Samoan dogs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"RJ","family":"Carslake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"KE","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Sj\u00f6lander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SF","family":"Hii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences University of Melbourne Parkville Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Prattley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Acke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"MartinT.The animal health status of Samoa. Technical report. Secretariat of the Pacific Community 1999."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7120\/09627286.21.4.477"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2010.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8305.2007.00148.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/136485910X12607012373957"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2010.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2015.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-51-6-2145","article-title":"Reorganization of genera in the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in the order Rickettsiales: unification of some species of Ehrlichia with Anaplasma, Cowdria with Ehrlichia and Ehrlichia with Neorickettsia, descriptions of six new species combinations and designation of Ehrlichia equi and \u2018HGE agent\u2019 as subjective synonyms of Ehrlichia phagocytophila","volume":"51","author":"Dumler JS","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)01146-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"227","volume-title":"Infectious diseases of the dog and cat","author":"Harrus S","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"256","volume-title":"Infectious diseases of the dog and cat","author":"Harvey JW","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","volume-title":"Population and housing census 2011","author":"Reupena MS","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12293"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2001.tb10747.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"4","volume-title":"Veterinary clinical parasitology","author":"Zajac AM","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.11.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.1986.tb02947.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/380680"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/3.2.159"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00175-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/s11687-010-0001-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2007.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1309.070021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2001.tb10746.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.71.12.1443"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.67.2.206"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","first-page":"447","volume-title":"Infectious diseases of the dog and cat","author":"Greene CE","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","first-page":"734","volume-title":"Infectious diseases of the dog and cat","author":"Baneth G","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ProcivP.Zoonotic hookworm infections (ancylostomosis). In:PalmerSR SoulsbyEJL SimpsonDIH editors.Zoonoses.Oxford University Press 2003;803\u2013822.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780192623805.003.0061"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.07.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.07.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2008.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Giardia & pets.2015.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/parasites\/giardia\/prevention-control-pets.html. Accessed September 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2009.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.01.003"}],"container-title":["Australian Veterinary Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Favj.12647","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/avj.12647","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]],"date-time":"2024-06-29T09:25:48Z","timestamp":1719653148000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/avj.12647"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,28]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/avj.12647"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/avj.12647","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0005-0423","1751-0813"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0005-0423","type":"print"},{"value":"1751-0813","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-07-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-03-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-11-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}