{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:07:26Z","timestamp":1790208446806,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,26]],"date-time":"2018-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mycotic rhinitis is a rare disease in horses, with few cases reported worldwide and none reported in Australia. Fungal infection of the upper respiratory tract can occur in all species, but its prevalence in horses is considerably lower than in canines or humans. The disease is linked to a variety of pathogens and the clinical signs are associated with subsequent upper respiratory tract damage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case report<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 6\u2010year\u2010old Quarter Horse gelding in Queensland, Australia, was presented with chronic nasal discharge and dyspnoea following previous unsuccessful medical treatment of 9\u2009months\u2019 duration. Culture yielded a mixed growth of <jats:italic>Cryptococcus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Rhodotorula<\/jats:italic>, as well as secondary bacterial species. The horse was anaesthetised and positioned in sternal recumbency. The nasal passages and sinuses were bathed with fluconazole and dimethylsulfoxide for 1\u2009h on two separate occasions 4\u2009weeks apart. Systemic antimicrobials and corticosteroids were also administered for brief courses. Endoscopic examination 4\u2009months after treatment demonstrated clinical resolution of the rhinitis with residual scar tissue. Owners reported resolution of clinical signs and following the treatment the gelding was able to perform athletically.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mycotic rhinitis is an unusual disease that can be difficult to treat successfully. This report describes a technique for topical sinonasal bathing under general anaesthetic that was well tolerated, easy to perform and resulted in a successful clinical outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,27]],"date-time":"2018-07-27T03:01:57Z","timestamp":1532660517000},"page":"297-301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Antifungal non\u2010invasive soak under general anaesthetic to treat fungal rhinitis in an Australian Quarter Horse gelding at pasture"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"NE","family":"Lean","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Queensland Equine Specialist Hospital, Outer Ring Road  Gatton Queensland 4343 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BJ","family":"Ahern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Queensland Equine Specialist Hospital, Outer Ring Road  Gatton Queensland 4343 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","volume-title":"International Veterinary Information Service","author":"Dixon PM","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118845110.ch10"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0173.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.1992.tb01538.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1994.tb03221.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.234.4.509"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-09352008000200006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Equine pulmonary Cryptococcosis: a comparative literature review and evaluation of fluconazole monotherapy","author":"Secombe C","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"208","article-title":"Fungal infections of the upper respiratory tract","volume":"3","author":"Stewart AJ","year":"2008","journal-title":"Compend Equine"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"260","article-title":"Systemic and pulmonary fungal infections of the horse","volume":"3","author":"Stewart AJ","year":"2008","journal-title":"Compend Equine"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","volume-title":"Equine infectious diseases","author":"Sellon DC","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","unstructured":"RamosA.Rhodotorulaspecies. 2017.http:\/\/www.antimicrobe.org\/f16.asp. 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