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The aim of this study was to determine common causes of ovine abortion and stillbirths based on submissions to veterinary laboratories and identify factors that impact the determination of an aetiological diagnosis. Data for 529 investigations on abortion or stillbirth between 2000 and 2018 were retrieved from four state veterinary laboratories in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania. An aetiological diagnosis was made for 57% of investigations. Investigations that included placental tissue samples were more than twice as likely to have an aetiological diagnosis compared to investigations without placenta (P = 0.017, 95% confidence interval 1.1, 4.5). Of the investigations where an aetiological diagnosis was made, 81% involved infectious abortion, with<jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>spp. (32%),<jats:italic>Listeria<\/jats:italic>spp. (25%) and<jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>(9%) being the three most common abortigenic pathogens implicated. The remaining 19% of investigations with an aetiological diagnosis included a wide range of infectious and non\u2010infectious diseases. Diagnoses made varied year to year and between states. No evidence of exotic abortigenic pathogens were reported. Veterinary practitioners can improve the probability of an aetiological diagnosis by emphasising to farmers the importance of collecting any aborted material, especially placenta, and appropriate storage of the tissues until they can be submitted to the laboratory. Some diseases that cause abortion in Australian sheep have zoonotic potential, and veterinary practitioners play an important role in educating clients about appropriate hygiene when handling pregnant and lambing ewes or any aborted material.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.13040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,2]],"date-time":"2020-12-02T06:42:10Z","timestamp":1606891330000},"page":"72-78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Ovine abortion and stillbirth investigations in Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"T","family":"Clune","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Animal Production and Health Murdoch University Murdoch Western Australia 6150 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Beetson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Animal Production and Health Murdoch University Murdoch Western Australia 6150 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Besier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development Albany Western Australia 6330 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Knowles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Health Laboratory Mt Pleasant, Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment Prospect Tasmania 7250 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Paskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OMNI Animal Health Consultancy Mount Barker South Australia 5251 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Rawlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions Bundoora Victoria 3083 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Suter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture Victoria, Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions Attwood Victoria 3049 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Animal Production and Health Murdoch University Murdoch Western Australia 6150 Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"SackettD HolmesP AbbottKet al.Assessing the Economic Cost of Endemic Disease on the Profitability of Australian Beef Cattle and Sheep Producers (Final report AHW.087).Meat and Livestock Australia North Sydney Australia 2006. 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