{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:43:14Z","timestamp":1747183394135,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>This cadaveric study describes the collateral ligament constraints on the feline tarsocrural joint using stress radiography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010six feline cadaveric hindlimbs free of orthopaedic disease were placed in a custom\u2010made jig and controlled stress radiography was performed before and after transection of one, or both collateral ligaments. Changes in varus and valgus deviation and pronation and supination were measured at three limb angles (extension, 120<jats:sup>o<\/jats:sup> flexion and 90<jats:sup>o<\/jats:sup> flexion).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a significant positive percentage change in the mean angle of varus deviation after transection of the fibulocalcaneal ligament at all limb positions (extension: 41%, 120\u00b0: 78%, 90\u00b0: 63%). There was a significant positive percentage change in the mean angle of varus deviation after transection of the fibulotalar ligament at extension (14%). There was a significant positive percentage change in the mean angle of varus deviation after transection of both fibulocalcaneal and fibulotalar ligaments at all limb positions (extension: 58%, 120\u00b0: 67%, 90\u00b0: 67%), and in the mean angle of valgus deviation (100%) and supination (89%) at 90 degrees flexion. There was a significant positive percentage change in the mean angle of valgus deviation after transection of the tibiocentral ligament at all limb positions (extension: mean 79%, 120\u00b0: 43%, 90\u00b0: 49%) and the mean angle of pronation at 120 degrees flexion (10%). There was a significant positive percentage change in the mean angle of varus deviation after transection of the tibiotalar ligament at extension (11%) and at 90 degrees flexion (54%) and in the mean angle of pronation at all limb positions (extension: 11%, 120\u00b0: 19%, 90\u00b0: 32%). There was a significant positive percentage change in the mean angle of valgus deviation (extension: 255%, 120\u00b0: 172%, 90\u00b0: 176%) and pronation (extension: 58%, 120\u00b0: 134%, 90\u00b0: 76%) after transection of the tibiocentral and tibiotalar ligaments at all limb positions and in the mean angle of varus deviation at extension (13%) and 90 degrees flexion (69%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The medial collateral ligaments prevent against excessive valgus deviation and pronation, and the lateral collateral ligaments prevent against excessive varus deviation and supination. At 90 degrees flexion subluxation of the talus occurs on the ipsilateral side of the ligament injury resulting in an additional direction of instability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.13217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T04:44:20Z","timestamp":1668141860000},"page":"65-77","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Stress radiographic assessment of collateral ligament constraints on the feline tarsocrural joint"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4442-6420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"ES","family":"Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Department Western Australian Veterinary Emergency and Specialty (where the research was conducted)  Success Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Foo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Department Western Australian Veterinary Emergency and Specialty (where the research was conducted)  Success Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Hosgood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Department The Animal Hospital \u2013 Murdoch University  Murdoch Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"AD","family":"Moles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery Department Western Australian Veterinary Emergency and Specialty (where the research was conducted)  Success Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-10-11-0151"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7020-2986-8.00023-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/vsu.13366"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1994.tb03922.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-10-09-0136"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1098612X20979508"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-070202986-8.00052-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/inp.g1434"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-48247-9.00033-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"606","volume-title":"Brinker, Piermattei and Flo's handbook of small animal orthopedics and fracture repair","author":"DeCamp CE","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1985.tb00857.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-6909"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5326\/JAAHA-MS-6819"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-14-02-0034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"1193","volume-title":"Veterinary surgery small animal","author":"Carmichael S","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"202","article-title":"Zur klinisch\u2010angewandten und funktionellen Anatomie des Sprunggelenks der Hauskatze. 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