{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T16:20:14Z","timestamp":1759335614861,"version":"3.35.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,17]],"date-time":"2024-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to describe the clinical features, treatments and outcomes of dogs with iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) molluscicide ingestion. We aimed to identify potential predictors of serum iron concentration &gt;54\u2009\u03bcmol\/L; a cut\u2010off recommended for initiating treatment of human iron toxicosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medical records across four veterinary hospitals (2013\u20132019) for dogs with known or suspected iron EDTA molluscicide ingestion were reviewed for signalment, clinical signs, clinicopathological data, treatment regimens and outcomes. Clinical signs of dogs with serum iron concentrations either below or above a cut\u2010off of 54\u2009\u03bcmol\/L were compared using Fisher's exact test. Association between serum iron and urine discolouration was tested using logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy\u2010three dogs were included. The most frequent characteristic was abnormal faeces (n\u2009=\u200947, 64%) as determined by rectal examination, with more dogs that had serum iron &gt;54\u2009\u03bcmol\/L showing this clinical sign (24\/35), compared to dogs with serum iron &lt;54\u2009\u03bcmol\/L (4\/13) (P\u2009=\u20090.025). Clinicopathologic abnormalities included increased base excess (n\u2009=\u200920\/49, 20%), hyperglycaemia (n\u2009=\u200913\/57, 23%) and hyperlactataemia (n\u2009=\u200912\/57, 21%). Fifty\u2010four dogs received deferoxamine chelation (74%), during which 25\/42 (60%) dogs had discoloured urine despite all dogs having subsequent iron concentrations &lt;54\u2009\u03bcmol\/L. Admission serum iron concentration was associated with urine discolouration during hospitalisation (odds ratio 1.046, 95% confidence interval 1.008\u20131.107, P\u2009=\u20090.011). Sixty\u2010nine dogs (95%) survived to discharge, with 10 dogs (14%) transferred to another veterinarian.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Iron EDTA molluscicide ingestion caused predominantly gastrointestinal clinical signs, and abnormal faeces, as well as urine discolouration during chelation therapy, which may indicate an elevation of serum iron concentration on presentation. Outcome was excellent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.13388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,18]],"date-time":"2024-11-18T00:43:13Z","timestamp":1731890593000},"page":"13-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Characteristics and outcome of 73 dogs with iron <scp>EDTA<\/scp> molluscicide ingestion in Melbourne, Australia (2013\u20132019)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6831-9352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"CA","family":"Lauinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Emergency Centre  Mount Waverley Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Referral Hospital  Dandenong Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Smart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Small Animal Specialist Hospital  Tuggerah New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine Murdoch University  Murdoch Western Australia Australia"},{"name":"Track Changers  Tuggerah New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e3182302604"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(95)03532-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.242.9.1244"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-013-0289-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2011.12.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-011-0201-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2009.00451.x"},{"volume-title":"Small Animal Toxicology. 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