{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T04:58:03Z","timestamp":1788238683659,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Domestic rabbits have higher perioperative mortality rates (1.39%\u20134.8%) compared with dogs and cats (0.1%\u20130.2%), with cardiovascular and respiratory complications reported most. Understanding anaesthetic risk factors is essential to minimise mortality risks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine the perioperative mortality risks and risk factors in rabbits undergoing general anaesthesia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study evaluated 1757 records of rabbits that underwent general anaesthesia with inhaled isoflurane, categorised by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification system (January 2019\u2013April 2023). Data were collected on physical characteristics, anaesthetic protocol, airway management and patient outcomes. Potential risk factors were analysed using multivariable logistic regression modelling guided by directed acyclic graphs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The perioperative mortality risk was 2.05% (95% CI: 1.39, 2.71). Increased mortality was most associated with poorer health status (ASA score) and non\u2010routine procedures. Following induction of anaesthesia, rabbits with a body mass of less than 1\u2009kg (RR: 7.57, 95% CI: 1.18, 61.2) and Netherland Dwarf rabbits (RR: 23.4, 95% CI: 2.75, 200) were at higher risk. The use of a supraglottic airway device was protective against mortality during anaesthesia compared with endotracheal tubes (RR: 0.27, 95% CI 0, 3.78) and anaesthetic masks (RR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0, 3.71). Increased mortality was observed with a fentanyl\u2010based protocol compared with a medetomidine\u2010based protocol (RR: 4.62, 95% CI: 0.477, 44.7).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Perioperative mortality was multifactorial, with health status, surgical complexity and physical characteristics representing primary risk factors. Clinicians should choose a suitable anaesthetic protocol, implement effective airway control and follow precautions for brachycephalic rabbit breeds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.13391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T19:59:12Z","timestamp":1732823952000},"page":"3-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A review of perioperative mortality in pet rabbits in Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4594-8279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"EG","family":"Pieper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Veterinary School The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JE","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Veterinary School The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SM","family":"Firestone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Veterinary School The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HR","family":"Baron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Unusual Pet Vets  Frankston Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2008.00397.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","unstructured":"BrodbeltDC.The confidential enquiry into perioperative small animal fatalities [doctoral dissertation University of London].2006."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2018.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jepm.2011.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jepm.2016.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2005.00169.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.100668"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2017.00049"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.684624"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/vetn.2015.6.7.426"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaa.2016.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.105746"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-44450-7.00010-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"Pharmacological profiles of medetomidine and its antagonist, atipamezole","volume":"85","author":"Virtanen R","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002367775780994574"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002367784780891406"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002367795780740069"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03179801"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.164.26.803"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/75.5.610"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1990.tb01280.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002367789780863655"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"A comparison of xylazine and medetomidine in an anaesthetic combination in New Zealand white rabbits","volume":"43","author":"Difilippo SM","year":"2004","journal-title":"Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-2987.2001.00058.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33762\/bvetr.2016.124297"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00204"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","unstructured":"DeanA SullivanK SoeM.OpenEpi: Open Source Epidemiologic Statistics for Public Health Version 3.01.2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","unstructured":"The jamovi project.jamovi (Version 2.3) 2023. 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