{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T04:43:49Z","timestamp":1792125829671,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001794","name":"University of Queensland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cardiac disease is common in companion birds, yet its diagnosis remains a challenge due to limited validated tests. Radiography is frequently used to assess cardiac size in birds; however, interspecies variation necessitates species\u2010specific reference intervals. This study aimed to establish the cardiac silhouette in companion galahs (\n                      <jats:italic>Eolophus roseicapilla)<\/jats:italic>\n                      and sulphur\u2010crested cockatoos (\n                      <jats:italic>Cacatua galerita)<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ventrodorsal (VD) and laterolateral (LL) radiographs of 30 adult galahs and 21 adult cockatoos were obtained from medical records that were admitted to the University of Queensland Veterinary Teaching Hospital from 2013 to 2023. In the VD view, cardiac width (CW) was measured with other anatomical landmarks including thoracic width (TW), clavicular distance (ClD), coracoid width (CoW) and 3rd\u20134th rib distance (RD). In the LL view, the cardiac length (CL) was measured and correlated to sternal length (SL).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significant positive correlations were found between CW and weight (,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001); CW and TW (,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), in galahs. In cockatoos, significant positive correlations were found between CW and CoW (,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.011); CW and ClD (,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.021). The 25th\u201375th percentile range (PR) for CW:TW ranged from 52 to 62.5% and 60\u201365% in cockatoos and galahs, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In galahs, CW correlated positively with the TW, and the 25th\u201375th PR for CW:TW should be 60%\u201365%. In cockatoos, the CW is better correlated to the CoW and ClD with the 25th\u201375th PRI of 549.5%\u2013609.5% and 91.5%\u2013103.0% respectively. The cardiac silhouette was larger in galahs than in cockatoos.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.70151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:47:31Z","timestamp":1792122451000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Radiographic measurements of cardiac silhouette and skeletal landmarks in companion galahs (\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Eolophus roseicapilla<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    ) and sulphur\u2010crested cockatoos (\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Cacatua galerita<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9547-0485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P","family":"Narayanan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science The University of Queensland  Gatton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9550-5533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"KW","family":"Kun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science The University of Queensland  Gatton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3543-3581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science The University of Queensland  Gatton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0282-1318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J","family":"Henning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science The University of Queensland  Gatton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7623-3204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"RJT","family":"Doneley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Science The University of Queensland  Gatton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1090.2000.tb00735.x","article-title":"Longevity records for Psittaciformes in captivity","volume":"37","author":"Brouwer K","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int Zoo Yearbook"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1795.2011.00477.x","article-title":"Survival on the ark: life\u2010history trends in captive parrots","volume":"15","author":"Young AM","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anim Conserv"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B59","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/50A.2.B59","article-title":"Birds as animal models for the comparative biology of aging: a prospectus","volume":"50","author":"Holmes DJ","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2009.12.001","article-title":"Pathology of aging psittacines","volume":"13","author":"Reavill DR","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"McDonald KinkaidHY.Species\u2010level determinants of stereotypic behaviour reproductive success and lifespan in captive parrots (Psittaciformes). 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