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For effective chemotherapy, antimalarial drug concentrations must be sufficient to remove completely all of the parasites in the infected host. Optimized dosing therefore requires a detailed understanding of the time course of antimalarial response, whilst simultaneously considering the parasite life cycle and host immune elimination. Recently, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>orld <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ealth <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>rganization (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WHO<\/jats:styled-content>) has recommended the development of mathematical models for understanding better antimalarial drug resistance and management. Other international groups have also suggested that mechanistic pharmacokinetic (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PK<\/jats:styled-content>) and pharmacodynamic (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>) models can support the rationalization of antimalarial dosing strategies. At present, artemisinin\u2010based combination therapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACT<\/jats:styled-content>) is recommended as first line treatment of <jats:italic>falciparum<\/jats:italic> malaria for all patient groups. This review summarizes the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PK<\/jats:styled-content>\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> characterization of artemisinin derivatives and other partner drugs from both preclinical studies and human clinical trials. We outline the continuous and discrete time models that have been proposed to describe antimalarial activity on specific stages of the parasite life cycle. The translation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PK<\/jats:styled-content>\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> predictions from animals to humans is considered, because preclinical studies can provide rich data for detailed mechanism\u2010based modelling. While similar sampling techniques are limited in clinical studies, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PK<\/jats:styled-content>\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> models can be used to optimize the design of experiments to improve estimation of the parameters of interest. Ultimately, we propose that fully developed mechanistic models can simulate and rationalize <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACT<\/jats:styled-content> or other treatment strategies in antimalarial chemotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,20]],"date-time":"2013-11-20T11:21:56Z","timestamp":1384946516000},"page":"97-107","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Modelling the time course of antimalarial parasite killing: a tour of animal and human models, translation and challenges"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Kashyap","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Medicine Use and Safety Monash University  Melbourne VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie A.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic &amp; Analytic Epidemiology Melbourne School of Population and Global Health The University of Melbourne  Melbourne VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin T.","family":"Batty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Curtin University  Bentley WA Australia"},{"name":"West Coast Institute  Joondalup WA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Zaloumis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic &amp; 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