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We sought to review and analyze all published cases of this important condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ovid Medline, Embase, Web of Science and PubMed electronic databases were searched to identify all relevant articles published before\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ctober 2013. A proportions meta\u2010analysis was undertaken.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      One hundred and two articles were identified of which 49 were single patient case reports. Meta\u2010analysis showed that mean age was 75 (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      73, 77) years, 79% were women (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      74, 82) and mean body mass index was 25 (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      20, 30) kg\u2009m\n                      <jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Presentation with thiazide\u2010induced hyponatraemia occurred a mean of 19 (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      8, 30) days after starting treatment, with mean trough serum sodium concentration of 116 (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      113, 120) m\n                      <jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>\n                      and serum potassium of 3.3 (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      3.0, 3.5) m\n                      <jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>\n                      . Mean urinary sodium concentration was 64\u2009m\n                      <jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>\n                      (95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      47, 81). The most frequently reported drugs were hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide and bendroflumethiazide.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with thiazide\u2010induced hyponatraemia were characterized by advanced age, female gender, inappropriate saliuresis and mild hypokalaemia. Low\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was not found to be a significant risk factor, despite previous suggestions. The time from thiazide initiation to presentation with hyponatraemia suggests that the recommended practice of performing a single investigation of serum biochemistry 7\u201314 days after thiazide initiation may be insufficient or suboptimal. Further larger and more systematic studies of thiazide\u2010induced hyponatraemia are required.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,19]],"date-time":"2014-08-19T04:57:11Z","timestamp":1408424231000},"page":"566-577","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of thiazide\u2010induced hyponatraemia: time to reconsider electrolyte monitoring regimens after thiazide initiation?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Barber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Therapeutics and Molecular Medicine University of Nottingham  Nottingham NG7\u20092UH UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tricia M.","family":"McKeever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Nottingham  Nottingham NG5\u20091PB UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"McDowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Midlands Centre for Adverse Drug Reactions City Hospital  Birmingham B18\u20097QH UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Clayton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust  Nottingham NG7\u20092UH UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin E.","family":"Ferner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Midlands Centre for Adverse Drug Reactions City Hospital  Birmingham B18\u20097QH UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard D.","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine Hypertension Research Centre University of Queensland School of Medicine  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Stowasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine Hypertension Research Centre University of Queensland School of Medicine  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin M.","family":"O'Shaughnessy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Unit Department of Medicine University of Cambridge  Cambridge CB2\u20092QQ UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian P.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Therapeutics and Molecular Medicine University of Nottingham  Nottingham NG7\u20092UH UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Glover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Therapeutics and Molecular Medicine University of Nottingham  Nottingham NG7\u20092UH UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-5922.2010.00180.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1958.02990020025004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2011-300710"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","unstructured":"NICE.Hypertension: clincial management of primary hypertension in adults. 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