{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T12:57:35Z","timestamp":1753275455262},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,26]],"date-time":"2015-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hormonal contraceptives are highly prevalent. Currently, little is known about Irish hormonal contraceptive trends to date since the 1995 British media contraceptive controversy. The aim of this study was to examine recent trends in contraceptive use in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Ireland<\/jats:styled-content>and to determine the frequency of co\u2010prescriptions with important interacting medications. Approximately 40% of the Irish population are prescribed 70% of total medicines under the Irish GMS scheme. Medicines were identified using the WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system. Regression analysis was used to examine trends over time. Of all contraceptives dispensed in 2013, oral contraceptives were used the most (74%) and long acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) the least (7.5%). Fourth generation combined oral contraceptives (COCs) predominated, although a slight significant decline was shown (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). Second and third generation COCs were significantly increasing and decreasing, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). Progestin\u2010only pills were significantly increasing (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001 across age groups). Low rates of contraceptive co\u2010prescribing with important interacting drugs are shown. However, 93.6% of those on enzyme\u2010inducing anti\u2010epileptic medications were co\u2010prescribed ineffective contraception containing &lt;50\u00a0\u03bcg oestrogen.Irish prescribing trends of second and third generation COCs have remained consistent since 1995. The slow decline in fourth generation COC uptake follows new evidence of an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) reported in 2011. The low, but increasing, uptake of LARCs is consistent with other countries. Co\u2010prescribing practices involving hormonal contraceptives requires continued vigilance. This study emphasizes the need to optimize co\u2010prescribing practices involving hormonal contraceptives and anti\u2010epileptic medications and highlights the need to address the barriers to the currently low uptake of LARC methods in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Ireland<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,25]],"date-time":"2015-08-25T13:47:24Z","timestamp":1440510444000},"page":"1315-1323","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Hormonal contraceptive use in<scp>Ireland<\/scp>: trends and co\u2010prescribing practices"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"O'Mahony","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics Trinity Centre for Health Sciences St James's Hospital Dublin 8 Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne\u2010Marie","family":"Liddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics Trinity Centre for Health Sciences St James's Hospital Dublin 8 Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Barry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics Trinity Centre for Health Sciences St James's Hospital Dublin 8 Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology &amp; Therapeutics Trinity Centre for Health Sciences St James's Hospital Dublin 8 Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/5.6.627"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","article-title":"The French pill scare: towards a new contraceptive model?","volume":"511","author":"Bajos N","year":"2014","journal-title":"Popul Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency: EMA\/739865\/2013 Assessment report for combined hormonal contraceptives containing medicine products2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"202","article-title":"Effect of the British warning on contraceptive use in the general medical service in Ireland","volume":"91","author":"Williams D","year":"1998","journal-title":"Irish Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-199018060-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Antiepileptic drugs and contraception","volume":"39","author":"Williams D","year":"2014","journal-title":"US Pharm"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","unstructured":"ShielyF KelleherC GalvinM. 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