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The pharmacological interest in plant cystine\u2010knot peptides derives from their broad biological activities, mainly cytotoxic, antimicrobial and peptidase inhibitory and in the possibility to engineer them to incorporate pharmacophoric information for oral delivery or disease biomonitoring. The mechanisms of action of plant cystine\u2010knot peptides are still largely unknown, although the capacity to interfere with plasma membranes seems a feature common to several cystine\u2010knot peptides. In some cases, such as potato carboxypetidase inhibitor (PCI) and tomato cystine\u2010knot miniproteins (TCMPs), the cystine\u2010knot peptides target human growth factor receptors either by acting as growth factor antagonist or by altering their signal transduction pathway. The possibility to identify specific molecular targets of plant cystine\u2010knot peptides in human cells opens novel possibilities for the pharmacological use of these peptides besides their use as scaffold to develop stable disease molecular markers and therapeutic agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12932","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,18]],"date-time":"2016-03-18T11:45:01Z","timestamp":1458301501000},"page":"63-70","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Plant cystine\u2010knot peptides: pharmacological perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Molesini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology University of Verona  Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Treggiari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine University of Verona  Verona 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