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Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using a fixed\u2010effects model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four hypertension studies were eligible for statistical analysis and included 133 patients receiving TCM and 130 control patients. There were significant reductions in systolic blood pressure in patients receiving TCM, comparable to results achieved with pharmaceutical medicines. An OR of 3.781 (95% confidence interval 2.392, 5.977; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.000) was observed for the anti\u2010hypertensive effect of TCM. Significant heterogeneity was present (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.011), with a tendency towards publication bias that did not reach significance (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.05275). Outcome measures for other cardiovascular diseases were inconsistent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Certain TCM compounds appear to have significant anti\u2010hypertensive effects, and although some are associated in some studies with improved outcomes in coronary heart disease, heart failure and type 2 diabetes mellitus, the data are inconsistent and will require large\u2010scale randomized\u2010controlled trials to allow full evaluation of any potential therapeutic benefit in these areas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,20]],"date-time":"2016-05-20T02:49:49Z","timestamp":1463712589000},"page":"20-32","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Traditional Chinese medicines in the management of cardiovascular diseases: a comprehensive systematic 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