{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T23:31:49Z","timestamp":1792539109705,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,10]],"date-time":"2016-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brit J Clinical Pharma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of bisphosphonate therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the management of periodontitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register databases) were searched up to and including July 2016. The primary outcome was probing depth (PD), and the secondary outcomes were changes in clinical attachment level (CAL) and bone defect (BD) fill. The mean differences (MD) of outcomes and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each variable were calculated using random effect model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight clinical studies were included. Seven studies used alendronate as an adjunct to SRP; of these, four studies used topical application and three used oral alendronate. Considering the effects of adjunctive bisphosphonates as compared to SRP alone, a high degree of heterogeneity for PD (Q value\u00a0=\u00a039.6, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a087.38%), CAL (Q value\u00a0=\u00a013.65, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.008, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a070.71%), and BD fill (Q value\u00a0=\u00a053.26, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001, I<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a092.49%) was noticed among both the groups. Meta\u2010analysis showed a statistically significant PD reduction (MD\u00a0=\u00a0\u20131.18, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a0\u20131.91 to \u20130.44, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002), CAL gain (MD\u00a0=\u00a0\u20130.69, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a0\u20131.20 to \u20130.18, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.008) and BD fill (MD\u00a0=\u00a0\u20132.36, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a0\u20133.64 to \u20131.08, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) for SRP\u00a0+\u00a0bisphosphonate treatment <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> SRP alone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adjunctive bisphosphonate therapy appears to be effective in managing periodontitis, however, due to the potential risk of osteonecrosis of the jaws and short\u2010term follow\u2010up of the studies, their clinical application is debatable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,13]],"date-time":"2016-10-13T06:50:18Z","timestamp":1476341418000},"page":"444-454","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Efficacy of bisphosphonate as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in the management of periodontal disease: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Zohaib","family":"Akram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Ziauddin University  Karachi 75600 Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tariq","family":"Abduljabbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio Varela","family":"Kellesarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health University of Rochester  New York 14620 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed Ibrahim","family":"Abu Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dean, Faculty of Dentistry University Technology MARA  Shah Alam Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fawad","family":"Javed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health University of Rochester  New York 14620 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahim","family":"Vohra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry King Saud University  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2006.00192.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345560350022601"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.29.s2.4.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2015.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2015.4076"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2016.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-016-2086-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12121"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0540-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2013.01.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncponc0688"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-003-0008-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.110459"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12159"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.080174"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.110729"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.110091"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2009.01388.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","unstructured":"HigginsJPT GreenS.Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0. 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